Uko imijyi ikomeza kwaguka, ahantu h’icyatsi harushaho kugira akamaro gakomeye mu buzima bw’abaturage no mu kubungabunga ibidukikije. Pariki, ubusitani rusange, ibiti byo ku mihanda, amashyamba yo mu mijyi, ibibuga by’imyidagaduro n’ahandi hantu hari ibimera ntibifatwa nk’imitako yo kurimbisha umujyi gusa.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko kugira ibiti byinshi mu mijyi bigira uruhare mu mikorere y’ubuzima bw’umubiri n’ubwo mu mutwe.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS, rivuga ko abarenga 55% by’abatuye isi baba mu mijyi, kandi ko uyu mubare ushobora kugera kuri 68% mu 2050.
Uko abantu benshi bagenda bimukira mu mijyi, ni na ko hakenerwa igenamigambi rihuza inyubako n’ibikorwa remezo no kubungabunga ahantu h’icyatsi.
Inzobere mu bijyanye n’ubwubatsi no kurengera ibidukikije, Cecil Konijnendijk, yashyizeho ihame yise 3-30-300, risaba ko buri muntu aho atuye aba ashobora byibura kubona ibiti bitatu kandi ko igicucu cy’ibiti gitwikira 30% by’agace atuyemo, ndetse akaba atuye muri metero 300 uvuye kuri parike cyangwa ahantu hari ishyamba rinini.
Ahantu h’Icyatsi hafasha ubwonko kuruhuka
Mu mujyi myinshi habamo ibintu byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubwonko; nk’urusaku, umubyigano w’abantu, imodoka nyinshi n’ibindi bishobora kongera umunaniro n’ihungabana ry’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.
OMS igaragaza ko ahantu h’icyatsi hashobora guha abantu umwanya wo kuruhuka no kugabanya siteresi.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu buryo bwa meta-analysis bwasanze ko kongera 10% ku buso bw’ahantu h’icyatsi bigabanyaho 3.7% ibyago byo kugira agahinda gakabije, umuhangayiko n’ihungabana.
Impamvu zishobora kubisobanura zirimo kuba ahantu h’icyatsi hatanga umwanya wo kuruhuka, kugenda no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, kugabanya urusaku n’akajagari biba mu mijyi ndetse no guha abantu amahirwe yo guhura no gusabana.
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bihugu 18, bwakorewe ku bantu barenga miliyoni 100, bwabonye isano riri hagati yo kuba ahantu hari icyatsi kinshi no kugabanuka kw’ibibazo by’indwara z’umutima n’imitsi.
Pariki n’ibiti bishobora gutuma abantu bakora imyitozo
Umujyi ufite pariki, inzira zo gutemberamo, ibibuga n’ahantu hateguwe neza ushobora guha abaturage amahirwe menshi yo kugenda n’amaguru, kwiruka, gutwara igare cyangwa gukora indi myitozo ngorora mubiri.
OMS ivuga ko ahantu h’icyatsi hashobora gutanga ahantu hizewe ho gukora imyitozo no kwidagadura.
Ibi bifite akamaro kuko kudakora imyitozo ihagije bifitanye isano n’indwara zitandukanye nk’iz’umutima, diyabete n’umubyibuho ukabije.
Ibiti bishobora gufasha kugabanya ubushyuhe mu mijyi
OMS ivuga ko ubushyuhe bwo mu mijyi bushobora kuba hejuru ho 3°C kugeza kuri 5°C ugereranyije n’ahantu h’icyaro bitewe n’ingaruka z’iyi phenomenon.
Ubushyuhe bukabije bushobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara z’umutima, diyabete n’indwara z’ubuhumekero.
OMS isobanura ko ku Isi mu myaka 20, hagati ya 2000 na 2019 ubushyuhe bwagiye bugira uruhare mu mpfu zigera ku 489.000 buri mwaka.
Imodoka, inganda n’ibindi bikorwa byo mu mijyi bishobora kongera umwanda mu kirere.
OMS ivuga ko umwanda woherezwa mu kirere ari kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima mu mijyi, kandi ko umubare munini w’abatuye mu mijyi bahumeka n’umwuka wanduye.
Ibiti n’ibindi bimera bishobora gufasha gufata bimwe mu bihumanya ikirere ndetse n’uduce duto tw’umukungugu.
Igiti kimwe gishobora gukurura kilogaramu zigera kuri 150 kg za CO2 ku mwaka, ibi bikagabanya indwara z’ubuhumekero nka asima.
