U Rwanda rwitabiriye inama mpuzamahanga ya World Potato Congress 2026, ihuriza hamwe abashakashatsi, abahinzi, inzobere mu buhinzi n’abashoramari bagamije gushaka ibisubizo byafasha kongera umusaruro w’ibirayi no guteza imbere uruhererekane rwabyo ku Isi.
Iyi nama iri kubera i Naivasha, mu Ntara ya Nakuru muri Kenya, kuva ku wa 26 kugeza ku wa 30 Ukwakira 2026. Ni ku nshuro ya 13 ibaye, ndetse ni ubwa mbere ibereye muri Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara.
Ihurije hamwe abahagarariye ibihugu bisaga 60, barimo abagera ku 1.000 bakora mu nzego z’ubuhinzi, ubushakashatsi, ubucuruzi n’ishoramari. Insanganyamatsiko yayo igira iti: “Ubufatanye mpuzamahanga mu guteza imbere ibiribwa, imirire myiza n’ubucuruzi binyuze mu birayi.”
Iyi nama yitezweho kungurana ubumenyi ku mbuto z’indobanure, ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, kurwanya indwara n’ibyonnyi byibasira ibirayi, guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kunoza uburyo bwo kubibika no kubibyaza umusaruro.
Iyi nama ibaye mu gihe umusaruro w’ibirayi mu Rwanda ukiri hasi ugereranyije n’uw’ibindi bihugu ku Isi, aho abaguzi bakomeje kubikenera kandi ibiciro byabyo bikazamuka ku masoko.
Imibare ya FAO igaragaza ko mu 2024, impuzandengo y’umusaruro w’ibirayi ku Isi yari toni 28,86 kuri hegitari, mu gihe muri Afurika yari toni 15,43. Mu Rwanda, wari toni 7,9 kuri hegitari.
Iyi mibare igaragaza icyuho kiri hagati y’umusaruro ubonetse mu Rwanda n’uw’ibindi bice by’Isi, bityo kongera umusaruro kuri hegitari bikaba imwe mu ntego z’ingenzi mu guteza imbere uru rwego.
Dr. Joseph Moughan, washinze RICA Seed Center, ishami ryibanda ku mbuto, yavuze ko gukoresha imbuto nziza ari imwe mu nzira z’ingenzi zo kongera umusaruro w’ibirayi muri Afurika.
Yagize ati: “Umusaruro mwinshi ushingira ku mbuto nziza. Ni yo mpamvu dukeneye politiki inoze zigenga imbuto, gukurikirana no kugenzura uruhererekane rwazo rwose mu kuzitanga, ndetse no kongerera abahinzi ubumenyi n’ubufasha mu buhinzi kugira ngo babashe gutera imbere bakoresheje uburyo bwiza bw’imihingire.”
Yagaragaje kandi ko abahinzi bakeneye ibikoresho n’ubumenyi bibafasha gukemura ibibazo bahura na byo, ashimangira ko guhinduranya imyaka mu murima bishobora gufasha kugabanya indwara n’ibyonnyi byibasira ibihingwa.
Umusaruro uriyongera ariko n’ibiciro bikazamuka
Ubushakashatsi ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi bw’igihembwe B cya 2026, bwashyizwe ahagaragara n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) ku wa 22 Nzeri 2026, bugaragaza ko umusaruro w’ibirayi wageze kuri toni 331.963, uvuye kuri toni 314.093 mu gihembwe nk’icyo cya 2025. Iri zamuka ringana na 5,7%.
Ubuso bwateweho ibirayi na bwo bwageze kuri hegitari 48.424, bwiyongeraho 5,4% ugereranyije n’umwaka wabanje. Uturere twa Nyabihu, Rubavu, Musanze na Burera ni two twagaragayemo umusaruro mwinshi.
Nubwo umusaruro wiyongereye, ibiciro by’ibirayi biracyari hejuru mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu, cyane cyane mu mijyi. Ku masoko amwe, ikiro cy’ibirayi byo mu bwoko bwa Kinigi kivugwa ko kigeze kuri 1.500 Frw, mu gihe ubundi bwoko hari aho kigura hafi 1.000 Frw.
Abacuruzi bavuga ko izamuka ry’ibiciro rifitanye isano n’ibirayi bike babona aho babirangurira, mu gihe abaguzi bakomeza kwiyongera.
Umwe muri bo yagize ati: “Ubu aho tubirangurira ntabihari bihagije, kandi aho bibonetse biba bihenze. Byanabaye bito kubera izuba. Niba toni imwe iri kugura miliyoni 1,5 Frw kandi mbere yaraguraga imodoka yuzuye, ni ikibazo.”
Ku ruhande rw’abahinzi, bavuga ko amafaranga bashora mu buhinzi bw’ibirayi, kuva mu gutegura umurima kugeza igihe cyo gusarura, na yo ari menshi, bityo bikagira uruhare mu kugena igiciro bagurishaho umusaruro wabo.
Ibirayi ni kimwe mu bihingwa by’ingenzi mu mirire y’abantu ku Isi. Imibare ya FAOSTAT igaragaza ko mu 2023, ku Isi abantu bari bakeneye hafi toni miliyoni 248, mu gihe impuzandengo ku muntu yari ibilo 32,45 ku mwaka.
Mu Rwanda, uwo mwaka umuntu umwe yabarirwaga impuzandengo y’ibiro 56,1, arya ku mwaka.
