Mu gihe inyubako z’amacumbi agerekeranye zikomeje kuzamuka mu Mujyi wa Kigali no mu bindi bice by’igihugu, abakozi bahembwa imishahara iri mu cyiciro cyo hagati bavuga ko inyinshi muri zo zitaragera ku bushobozi bwabo, haba mu kuzigura cyangwa kuzifata ku bukode.
Iki kibazo kigaragaza icyuho kiri hagati y’amacumbi ari kubakwa ku isoko n’ubushobozi bw’abaturage bayakeneye, cyane cyane abakozi ba Leta n’abikorera binjiza umushahara utabashyira mu cyiciro cy’abakize.
Umuturage utuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali, yavuze ko nubwo ahembwa umushahara urenga miliyoni imwe y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ku kwezi, kubona ubushobozi bwo kugura cyangwa gukodesha inzu muri izi nyubako bitamworohera.
“Njyewe mpembwa umushahara uri hejuru ya miliyoni ariko ntabwo byoroshye kuba nayigondera cyangwa mbashe kuyikodesha, kuyubaka byo byaba biri kure cyane.”
Abandi baturage bavuga ko hakwiye gushakwa uburyo bw’imari bwaborohereza kubona amacumbi, burimo no korohereza abaturage kubona inguzanyo z’amabanki.
Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare igaragaza ko nibura abantu batatu kuri 10 mu Rwanda batuye mu mijyi, ibintu bituma hakenerwa inyubako nshya nyinshi z’amacumbi.
U Rwanda rukeneye kubaka inzu zibarirwa mu bihumbi 30 buri mwaka, aho 75% muri zo zikwiye kuba izigenewe abaturage bari mu cyiciro cyo hagati.
Nyamara muri iki cyiciro, inzu zubakwa buri mwaka zigera ku bihumbi bitatu gusa, bigatuma icyuho hagati y’amacumbi akenewe n’ayubakwa gikomeza kuba kinini.
Nubwo hari iki kibazo, abashoramari bubaka inyubako z’amacumbi agerekeranye bavuga ko isoko ryazo mu Rwanda rihagaze neza.
Titian Bwiza Happy, ushinzwe ubucuruzi muri Green Plaza, yavuze ko hari amacumbi amaze kugurwa n’Abanyarwanda ndetse n’abanyamahanga.
Ati: “Muri macumbi ari muri iyi nyubako dufitemo amacumbi nka 20 cyangwa 25 zaguzwe n’Abanyarwanda, izindi zigenda zigurwa n’abanyamahanga barimo Abashinwa, Abanya-Nigeria, Abanyamerika n’abandi batandukanye.”
Imibare yakusanyijwe ikanasesengurwa n’urubuga Numbeo muri Kamena 2026, igaragaza ko metero kare imwe y’inyubako y’amacumbi iri hagati mu Mujyi wa Kigali yaguraga hafi miliyoni 4.096 Frw, mu gihe hanze y’umujyi rwagati yaguraga hafi miliyoni 4.5 Frw.
Umujyi wa Kigali uri ku mwanya wa gatatu mu mijyi 10 ya Afurika ifite uburyo bwo gukodesha inzu bwigonderwa na mbarwa aho Umujyi wa Addis Ababa wo muri Ethiopia ari wo wa mbere uhenze guturamo ukaba uwa 202 ku Isi, Cape Town yo muri Afurika y’Epfo ni iya kabiri ikaba iya 218 ku Isi.
Ibi bituma Kigali iba umwe mu mijyi yo muri aka karere aho kugura amacumbi hashingiwe ku buso bw’inyubako biri ku giciro kiri hejuru, ugereranyije n’imijyi nka Nairobi muri Kenya na Kampala muri Uganda.
Ibarura rusange ry’abaturage n’imiturire riheruka, ryagaragaje ko mu 2022 Umujyi wa Kigali wari utuwe n’abantu miliyoni 1,7, kandi byitezwe ko umubare uzakomeza kwiyongera, bakagera kuri miliyoni 3,8 mu 2050.
Imibare igaragaza ko abaturage batuye mu mijyi bazava kuri 27,9% bariho mu 2022 bakagera kuri 52% muri 2035 no kuri 70% mu 2050.
Abasesengura ikibazo bavuga ko kimwe mu bisubizo byafasha kugabanya ibiciro ari ukongera umubare w’amacumbi ari ku isoko, ku buryo irushanwa hagati y’abayubaka ryazamuka.
George Dinga Tafon, umushoramari wa Next Generation Developers, yavuze ko kongera umubare w’amacumbi bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibiciro.
Ati: “Tugomba kongera umubare w’amacumbi ari ku isoko. Iyo wongereye umubare w’inzu nyinshi ku isoko, ibiciro by’amacumbi yo guturamo n’ay’ubucuruzi bigenda bigabanuka.”
Hari n’abasaba ko hashyirwaho amabwiriza afasha kurinda abaguzi inyungu z’ikirenga zishobora gushyirwa ku macumbi.
Nkurunziza Joseph Ryarasa, Umuyobozi wa Sosiyete sivile, yavuze ko hakwiye kubaho uburyo bwo kugenzura inyungu zishyirwa ku macumbi kugira ngo abaturage batabihomberamo.
Ikibazo cyo kuba kubona inzu zihendutse bikomeje kuba ingorabahizi bituma bamwe bajya gutura kure cyane y’aho bakorera, bikongera ibiciro by’ingendo ndetse no kuba umuntu yagera ku kazi kare bikagorana ndetse bikajyana no kuba imishahara abakozi bahembwa itajyanye n’aho ibiciro bigeze ku isoko.
Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame yavuze ko mu myaka 15 ishize u Rwanda rwashyize imbaraga mu gukemura ikibazo cy’amacumbi ahenze, ariko ko hakiri urugendo rwo gukomeza kugishakira ibisubizo.
Yavuze ko uko igihugu gikura ari nako abaturage bagenda batera imbere, bityo n’ibibazo by’amacumbi bigakomeza gushakirwa ibisubizo.
Ati: “Igihugu kirakura kandi uko gikura ni nako gikomeza gukemura ibibazo abaturage bafite. Abantu bashobora kuba bafite ikibazo cyo kubona inzu uyu munsi ariko nyuma y’umwaka ugasanga barateye imbere kandi bakaba bamaze kugikemura.”
Perezida Kagame yavuze ko ikibazo cy’amacumbi atari icyoroshye, ariko ko icy’ingenzi ari ugukomeza kugishakira ibisubizo no guteza imbere igihugu.
Urwego rw’ubwubatsi bw’amacumbi n’inyubako z’ubucuruzi rugize 16% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu.
U Rwanda kandi rukeneye inzu z’amacumbi zigera kuri miliyoni 5.5 bitarenze mu 2050, imibare igaragaza ko kongera amacumbi ahendutse ari ingenzi mu guhangana n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage n’imijyi.
