Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) ni indwara y’amaraso umwana avukana aho ahanini ayikura ku babyeyi, iterwa n’impinduka mu turemangingo tugena uko hemoglobin ikorwa.
SCD ituma uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso duhindura imiterere tukamera, bigatuma amaraso adatembera neza mu mitsi ndetse tukaba dushobora kuyifunga. Ibi bishobora gutera kubabara cyane, kubura amaraso, kwangirika kw’ingingo ndetse n’indwara zifata ubwonko.
Inzobere mu kuvura abana indwara z’umutima, Prof Dr. Mucumbitsi Joseph, avuga ko Sickle Cell Disease umwana ayivukana ayikuye kuri umwe mu babyeyi be ariko ikamuzahaza cyane iyo ababyeyi be bombi bayirwaye, ibishobora no kumuviramo urupfu mu gihe itamenyekanye mbere ngo umwana yitabweho.
Yagize ati “ Sickle Cell Disease umuntu ayikura ku babyeyi. Iyo uyikuye ku mubyeyi umwe undi ari muzima ntabwo ugira uburwayi bukomeye, ariko iyo ababyeyi bombi bayifite ni bwo uvukana uburwayi bukomeye ugatangira kugaragaza ibimenyetso.”
Dr. Mucumbitsi avuga ko iyo umwana afite Sickle Cell ntakurikiranwe hakiri kare bimugiraho ingaruka zikomeye zirimo kubura amaraso, kugira imukurire mibi ndetse akaba ashobora no gupfa.
Yagize ati “ Abantu bashyingiranwa batabizi ko barwaye iyi ndwara kuko abenshi ntabwo bayipimisha, rero iyo umwana ayivukanye ntakurikiranwe agira ibibazo bikomeye birimo kugira ibyuririzi by’izindi ndwara, kubura amaraso, uburibwe bukabije, kudakura neza no gupfa ataruzuza imyaka itanu.”
Umukozi mu Kigo gishinzwe Ubuzima RBC mu ishami rishinzwe indwara zitandura, Dr. Ntaganda Vedatse, yabwiye RBA ko bagiye gutangira ubukangurambaga bugamije gukangurira abaturage kwipimisha ndetse no kongerera ubumenyi abaganga mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu.
Ikomeje kuba ikibazo muri Afurika
Ubushakashatsi bw’Ikigo Nyafurika gishinzwe kurwanya no kurinda indwara, Africa CDC, bugaragza ko inddwara ya Sickle Cell Disease ikomeje kuba ikibazo gikomeye muri Afurika cyane cyane iyo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara.
Bugaragaza ko buri mwaka abana hafi ibihumbi 300 bavukana iyi ndwara kandi ko abenshi bapfa batarageza imyaka itanu bitewe n’uko bitinda kumenyekana ko umwana ayirwaye kandi n’uyirwaye ntahabwe ubuvuzi bukwiye.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS, rivuga ko mu 2021 ku Isi hari abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 7,74 babanaga na Sickle Cell, mu gihe abana bagera ku 515.000 bavukanye iyi ndwara aho hafi 80% by’abayifite baba muri Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara.
OMS ivuga ko Sickle Cell yagize uruhare mu mpfu z’abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu bagera ku 81.100 mu 2021. Muri Afurika, hagati ya 50% na 80% by’abana bavukana Sickle Cell bashobora gupfa batarageza ku myaka itanu, cyane cyane kubera indwara z’ibyuririzi, kubura amaraso cyane n’izindi ngaruka z’iyi ndwara.
Umuntu ufite Sickle Cell ashobora kugira ububabare bukomeye kandi bwisubiramo, kubura amaraso, gucika intege, kubyimba intoki n’ibirenge, kurwaragurika bya hato na hato, gutinda gukura, ibibazo byo kureba ndetse n’indwara y’ubwonko (stroke).
OMS ishimangira ko gusuzuma iyi ndwara hakiri kare bifasha kuyikurikirana no gukumira ibibazo bikomeye ishobora gutera. Muri Gicurasi 2026, OMS yashyize hanze amabwiriza yayo ya mbere yihariye ku gusuzuma, gukumira no kuvura Sickle Cell ku bana n’ingimbi kuva ku myaka 0 kugeza kuri 19.
