U Rwanda rwatangaje ko gahunda nshya y’imyaka itanu yo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima itazibanda gusa kuri pariki n’ibishanga, ahubwo ko no mu buhinzi, ibikorwa remezo, imijyi n’izindi gahunda z’iterambere hazajya harebwa uburyo bwo kurinda ibidukikije n’ibinyabuzima bibituyemo.
Ibi biri mu murongo wa gahunda y’igihugu yo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima (NB-CAP), ivuguruye ikazayobora ibikorwa byo kurinda no gusubiza ku murongo ibinyabuzima n’ibidukikije kugeza mu 2030.
Imwe mu ntego z’iyi gahunda ni ukugarura nibura 10% by’ubuso bw’ubutaka bwangiritse, gusubiza amazi ahantu yari yarakamye no kuvugurura ibishanga kugira ngo byongere kuba ahantu habamo ibinyabuzima bitandukanye.
U Rwanda ruvuga ko kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bisaba kureba n’ahandi hatari mu byanya birinzwe gusa.
Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Kurengera Ibidukikije (REMA), Munyazikwiye Faustin, yavuze ko iyi gahunda yubakiye ku nkingi eshatu zirimo kubungabunga ibinyabuzima, kubisubiza ku murongo aho byangiritse no kureba uburyo abaturage bungukira ku byiza bituruka kuri ibyo binyabuzima.
Yagize ati: “Igice cya mbere kirarebana n’uburyo bwo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima yaba inyamanswa cyangwa ibimera. Igice cya kabiri kirebana n’uburyo ibinyabuzima cyangwa se urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima dufite rusubirana cyangwa se n’uburyo rufatwa muri rusange. Igice cya gatatu kigizwe n’uburyo dusangira ibyiza n’ibiva mu rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.”
Ibi bivuze ko mu myaka itanu iri imbere, ibikorwa byo kubungabunga ibinyabuzima bizajya bijyanishwa n’igenamigambi ry’ubuhinzi, kwagura imijyi, kubaka ibikorwa remezo, gucunga amashyamba n’umutungo kamere w’amazi.
Kuvugurura ibishanga ni kimwe mu bikorwa bigaragaza impinduka zishobora guterwa no kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Mu gishanga cya Nyandungu, ibikorwa byo kugisana byatumye ibinyabuzima byongera kuboneka ku bwinshi, birimo inyoni, imiserebanya, inzoka n’ibikeri.
Ababishinzwe bavuga ko ibi ari ikimenyetso cy’uko iyo ecosystem yongeye kugira ubuzima, n’ibinyabuzima biyisubiramo.
U Rwanda kandi rufite intego yo kubungabunga no gucunga neza nibura 11% by’ubuso bw’igihugu bugizwe n’amazi n’ubutaka bitarenze mu 2030, mu gihe ibyanya birinzwe ubu bifite hafi 9.1% by’ubuso bw’igihugu.
U Rwanda ruvuga ko kurinda urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima bifite uruhare no mu guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, cyane cyane ko imiterere y’ikirere igenda ihinduka.
Mu bikorwa biteganyijwe harimo imishinga minini yo kubungabunga ibidukikije no kongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, izakorerwa mu bice birimo isunzu rya Congo-Nile, Mayaga n’umukandara w’ibirunga.
Abaturage na bo bagomba kungukira ku kubungabunga ibinyabuzima
Rwanda Nature Foundation ivuga ko gahunda yo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima igomba kugirira akamaro n’abaturage batuye hafi y’ibyanya bikorerwamo ibikorwa byo kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Umuyobozi Nshingwabikorwa w’iki kigo, Mutangana Eugene, yabwiye RBA ko hakenewe kongera inyungu zigera ku baturage, cyane cyane izituruka ku bukerarugendo.
Yagize ati: “Ikindi ni uko hazaba kwagura amafaranga ajya mu baturage uko umusaruro ukomoka cyangwa uturuka ku bukerarugendo muri pariki ari nako ya 10% iziyongera ndetse hakarebwa ukuntu abaturage ibibafitiye akamaro, imishinga ibyara inyungu izakomeza kwaguka.”
Iyi gahunda kandi iteganya ko hazongerwa imbaraga mu gutunganya imyanda, kurwanya ibinyabuzima byangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima kavukire, gutera amashyamba n’ibimera ndetse no guteza imbere uburyo burambye bwo gukoresha no gutunganya umusaruro.
REMA ivuga ko hakenewe nibura miliyoni 500 z’amadolari ya Amerika kugira ngo intego z’iyi gahunda zigerweho bitarenze mu 2030.
Munyazikwiye yavuze ko ayo mafaranga azashakwa ku bufatanye bw’inzego zitandukanye, zirimo ibigo mpuzamahanga, inzego za Leta, abafatanyabikorwa n’abikorera.
Ati: “Haba ibigo mpuzamahanga, yaba ibiri mu nshingano z’igihugu, yaba abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye, abikorera ku giti cyabo n’abandi kugirango twese duhuze ingufu tubashe kuba twagera kuri iyo ntego.”
Gahunda y’imyaka itanu yo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ikaba ishyira u Rwanda ku murongo wo kureba ibidukikije nk’igice cy’iterambere ry’igihugu, aho kubibungabunga bitaba inshingano z’abashinzwe pariki n’ibishanga gusa, ahubwo bikaba ihame rigomba kwitabwaho no mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi, imijyi, ibikorwa remezo n’ubukungu.
