Kuri uyu wa 18 Gashyantare 2026 Abayoboke b’idini ya Islam mu Rwanda no ku isi hose batangiye igihe cy’ukwezi kw’igisibo gitagatifu kwa Ramadhan.
Igihe cy’igisibo ku Bayisilamu ni umuhango umaze ibinyejena by’imyaka wizihizwa ndetse ufatwa nk’igihe cyiza cyo kongera kwiyegereza no gutakambira Allah (Imana) bayisaba ko yaborohereza ari nako bakora ibikorwa by’urukundo birimo gufasha abakene, gusura abarwayi n’ibindi.
Gusiba ukwezi kwa Ramadhan ni Itegeko ry’Imana ku musilamu wese, ndetse ni imwe mu nkingi eshanu abahuriye ku myemerere y’Idini ya Islam bagenderaho.
Umuyisilamu akwiye kwitwara ate ?
Gusiba iki gisibo bisobanuye kwifata, ureka ibyo kurya no kunywa ukanareka imibonano mpuzabitsina n’uwo mwashakanye kuva umuseke utambitse kugeza izuba rirenze, ukirinda kandi ibindi ibyo ari byo byose bigamije ishimishamubiri kuko byakwangiza igisibo.
Ibyo bakabikora bagamije kwiyegereza Allah no kumugandukira bashaka ibihembo bye ku munsi w’imperuka.
Gusiba si ukureka ibyo kurya n’ibyo kunywa gusa, ahubwo ni no kureka amagambo mabi nko gusebya abandi, gutongana, kubeshya n’ibindi byaha byaba ibigaragara n’ibyihishe.
Intumwa y’Imana, Muhammad yagize ati “ Igisibo cya Ramadhan ni ingabo, bityo umwe muri mwe nazaba yasibye ntakavuge amagambo mabi ntagatongane,ndetse nihagira umutuka cyangwa akamurwanya azamwihorere amubwire ati :Njyewe nasibye”.
Igisibo cya Ramadhan gisobanuye iki?
Ramadhan ni ukwezi kwa cyenda kuri kalendari ya Islam, kukaba gufite amateka yihariye mu bahuriye ku myemerere yo kwemera igitabo gitagafatifu cya Korawani kuko Abayisilam bafata uku kwezi ko ari bwo Intumwa y’Imana Muhammad yabonekewe na Malayika Jibril.
Abayisilamu bemera ko muri Ramadhan ari bwo Qur’an (Korowani) yamanukiye Malayika Jibril, igashyikirizwa uwo Abayisilamu bafata nk’Uwasozereje intumwa n’Abahanuzi Intumwa y’Imana Muhammad bituma Ramadhan iba ukwezi kw’icyubahiro kuri bo.
Kuva mu minsi ye ya mbere, intumwa y’Imana, Muhammad (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha), yakundaga kujya mu buvumo buri hejuru y’umusozi wa Hira aho yakundaga kuba yiherereye mu gihe ab’i Maka, babaga bari mu kwezi kwa Ramadhan.
Mu mwaka wa 610, ubwo Muhammad yari afite imyaka 40, yasubiye kuri uyu musozi, ahamaze ibyumweru bike abonekerwa n’umumarayika maze amusaba gusoma ariko amusubiza ko atazi gusoma.
Uyu mumarayika ngo yabimuhatiye izindi nshuro ebyiri maze ako kanya Muhammad ahita ahishurirwa amasura atanu ya mbere ya Korowani Ntagatifu.
Muhammad ntiyahise amenya gusoma mu buryo busanzwe icyakora yagize guhishurirwa ko asabwa gusoma ibikubiye muri icyo gitabo gitagatifu akakigiramo byinshi anasobanukirwa ko ari igitabo gikomoza cyane ku wakimumenyesheje ari we nyir’icyo gitabo akanaba umuremyi we.
Ibi bikaba byarabaye imbarutso n’intangiriro y’Idini ya Islam, ihishurirwa rya Korowani, ndetse na misiyo y’iyogezabutumwa ku Ntumwa y’Imana Muhammad.
Muri 624, abayisilamu bimukiye i Madina bahunga itotezwa, icyo gihe ukwezi kwa Ramadan guhita kunatangazwa nk’ukwezi gutagatifu mu bayoboke ba Islam. Kwiyiriza ubusa byahise bishyirwa mu nkingi eshanu zigenga idini ya Islam nk’ikimenyetso cyo gushimira Imana no gutekereza ku nyigisho za Korowani n’umumaro wayo ku bizera.
Ni izihe nyungu ziri mu gusiba igisibo
Gusiba Ramadhan bituma ababikoze bumva uburemere bwo kwicwa n’inzara bakishyira mu mwanya w’abatabonye amafunguro ku by’ubushobozi ku buryo bishobora kubatoza gufungurira abatishoboye, kandi iki gikorwa cyo kwiyiriza muri Islam gifatwa nk’uburyo bwiza kandi buboneye bwo gushimira Imana.
Kwigomwa kurya, kunywa no gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, byanagaragajwe n’intumwa y’Imana Muhammad, nk’ikintu cy’uko umuntu yagira ubushobozi bwo kwigenzura ntahore akoreshwa n’ibyo umubiri urarikira gusa ahubwo akanaba yafata umwanzuro runaka ukwiriye mu buzima busanzwe.
Iyo hasojwe ukwezi kw’igisibo, abayisilamu batumira inshuti n’abavandimwe bagasangira ndetse abifite bakanategura ifunguro ryihariye rigomba guhabwa abakene bakishimana na bo kandi ibi ntibigarukira gusa mu bayoboke b’idini ya Islam ahubwo bigera no ku bandi bantu batari abayisilimu, ku buryo bizera ko babashije kugera ku bantu bose bashoboka bagafatanya kwizihiza igisibo baba bagejeje ku musozo.
Ni ba nde barebwa n’igisibo cya Ramadhan?
Ukwezi kw’Igisibo cya Ramadan kujyana no kwigomwa kurya no kunywa hamwe no kwigomwa gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina kuva mu ruturuturu kugeza izuba rirenze mu gihe cy’iminsi 30 cyangwa 29.
Uyu muhango witabirwa n’abayisilamu babarirwa hagati ya 70% na 80% by’abayoboke b’idini ya Islam hirya no hino ku isi kandi ni itegeko ku bitsina byombi guhera ku bageze mu kigero cy’ubugimbi n’ubwangavu kugeza ku bantu bakuru kandi ababyeyi batangira gutoza abana kwiyiriza nibura igice cy’umunsi kuva bagifite imyaka 10.
Uyu muhango wo kwiyiriza ubusa ariko worohereza ababyeyi batwite n’abonsa, abageze mu zabukuru, abarwaye indwara zikomeye zidakira ndetse n’abantu bafite ingendo.
Gusa ariko abatasibye ku bw’impamvu runaka ariko nta kindi kibazo bafite bazirikana ko mu gihe bazaba bataboshywe n’izo mbogamizi zose, bashobora kwishyura iyo minsi bamaze batiyiriza ubusa hanyuma abageze mu zabukuru bafite ubushobozi bagasabwa gukora ibikorwa by’ubugiraneza buri munsi muri iyo 30.
Iyi gahunda yo kwiyiriza ikorwa amasaha atandukanye bitewe n’ibihe by’ahantu abantu baherereye ku buryo nk’abatuye mu bice by’amajyaruguru n’amajyepfo y’isi bashobora kumara amasaha 22 batarikora ku munwa mu gihe cy’impeshyi izuba ritararenga ariko kandi bakaba banamara amasaha make mu gihe cy’itumba.
