U Rwanda rwagaragaje uturere dushobora kwibasirwa cyane n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku buzima bw’abaturage, aho ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku rwego rw’igihugu bugaragaza ko imvura nyinshi, amapfa n’ubushyuhe bukabije bishobora kongera ibyago by’indwara zimwe na zimwe no guhungabanya serivisi z’ubuvuzi.
Ibi biri muri raporo yiswe Rwanda Climate and Health Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment, yakozwe ku bufatanye bwa Minisiteri y’Ubuzima n’ibindi bigo n’abafatanyabikorwa, hagamijwe kugaragaza uko imihindagurikire y’ikirere igira ingaruka ku buzima n’ubushobozi bw’inzego z’ubuzima mu guhangana na zo.
Iyi raporo igaragaza ko uturere two mu Burengerazuba no mu Majyaruguru y’Uburengerazuba dushobora guhura n’ingaruka z’imvura nyinshi, imyuzure n’inkangu, mu gihe utwo mu Burasirazuba n’Amajyaruguru y’Uburasirazuba two dushobora kwibasirwa n’ubushyuhe bukabije n’amapfa.
Mu turere nka Rubavu, Rutsiro, Ngororero na Nyamasheke, imvura nyinshi n’inkangu bishobora kwangiza ibikorwa remezo, bikangiza n’imihanda ituma abaturage bagera kwa muganga. Mu Burasirazuba, cyane cyane Nyagatare na Gatsibo, ubushyuhe n’amapfa bishobora kongera ibibazo by’ibura ry’amazi no kugabanya umusaruro w’ubuhinzi.
Mu Mujyi wa Kigali na ho, cyane cyane mu Karere ka Gasabo, hagaragajwe ibyago bifitanye isano n’ubushyuhe bukabije n’imyuzure iterwa n’amazi y’imvura menshi.
Raporo igaragaza ko hari indwara zishobora kugira aho zihurira n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, bitewe n’ibihe n’uturere.
Malariya n’indwara ya schistosomiasis, iterwa n’udukoko two mu mazi, zigaragaza impinduka zishingiye ku bihe by’imvura. Schistosomiasis igaragara cyane mu duce twegereye inkombe z’ibiyaga byo mu Burengerazuba.
Indwara z’impiswi n’iziterwa n’udukoko two mu mara na zo zishobora kwiyongera mu bihe by’imvura nyinshi n’ubushuhe, cyane cyane igihe amazi n’isuku bihungabanye.
Indwara z’ubuhumekero na zo zishobora kugira aho zihurira n’ubushuhe, ubuhehere n’ihumana ry’ikirere. Mu Mujyi wa Kigali, raporo igaragaza ko ihumana ry’ikirere ari kimwe mu bibazo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’ubuhumekero.
Iyi raporo kandi igaragaza ko amapfa, igabanuka ry’umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ibura ry’ibiribwa bishobora kongera ibyago by’imirire mibi, mu gihe ibiza no kwimuka kw’abaturage bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwo mu mutwe.
Abagore batwite n’abonsa, abana bato, abageze mu zabukuru, abantu bafite ubumuga, impunzi n’ingo zifite amikoro make ni bo bagaragajwe nk’amatsinda ashobora guhura n’ingaruka zikomeye kurusha abandi.
Ibi biterwa n’uko bamwe muri bo baba bafite intege nke mu guhangana n’indwara, abandi bakaba batuye ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n’ibiza cyangwa bakagira imbogamizi zo kugera kuri serivisi z’ubuvuzi.
Ku bijyanye n’ubushobozi bw’ibigo nderabuzima mu guhangana n’izi ngaruka, isuzuma ryakorewe ku bitaro 10 byo mu turere twatoranyijwe ryagaragaje ko impuzandengo y’ubushobozi bw’abakozi bo mu rwego rw’ubuzima mu guhangana n’ingaruka z’ikirere yari kuri 42%.
Raporo igaragaza kandi ko ibigo by’ubuzima bifite ubushobozi bugaragara bwo guhangana n’ibiza bitunguranye nk’imyuzure n’imiyaga, ariko hakiri icyuho mu myiteguro y’ibibazo bimara igihe kirekire, birimo amapfa n’ubushyuhe bukabije.
Mu ngamba zatanzwe, harimo kongera uburyo bwo gutanga imiburo y’imbere ku biza n’izindi ngaruka z’ikirere, gukoresha amakuru y’ikirere mu igenamigambi ry’ubuzima, kunoza ibikorwa by’isuku n’amazi meza no kongerera abakozi bo mu rwego rw’ubuzima ubumenyi bwo guhangana n’ibi bibazo.
Hanagarutswe ku gukomeza kurwanya imibu n’utundi dukoko dutera indwara, kunoza imicungire y’ibigo nderabuzima no kubaka ibikorwa remezo bishobora guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Iri suzuma ryifashishije amakuru y’indwara n’ay’ikirere yo mu turere 30 tw’u Rwanda kuva mu 2019 kugeza mu 2024. Hanakorewe isuzuma ku bitaro 10 byo mu turere, hifashishwa ibiganiro n’abayobozi b’ibitaro, abayobozi b’ubuzima ku rwego rw’uturere, abayobozi b’ibigo nderabuzima n’abajyanama b’ubuzima.
Raporo ishimangira ko hakenewe kunoza ikusanyamakuru ku buzima n’ikirere kugira ngo ubushakashatsi buzaza burusheho kugaragaza neza aho ibyago biri n’ingamba zikwiye gufatwa.
