Pegasus ni Porogaramu yifashishwa mu butasi, ikaba yarigeze kuvugisha abatari bake kugeza n’aho u Rwanda rwashyizwe mu majwi ko ruyikoresha mu kumviriza amabanga y’ibindi bihugu.
Muri Nyakanga 2021, Ikinyamakuru Washington Post n’ibindi byari byihurije hamwe, byasohoye inkuru igaragaza ibihugu birimo n’u Rwanda bishinjwa kumviriza amabanga y’ibindi bihugu byifashishije Pegasus.
Ibindi bihugu byari birimo Mexique, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Hongrie, Togo, Maroc, u Buhinde, Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu, Bahrain na Arabie Saoudite.
Inkuru yavugwaga cyane ni iy’uko abana ba Paul Rusesabagina [washinze ndetse akayobora Umutwe w’Iterabwoba wa MRDC FLN wagabye ibitero bitandukanye ku Rwanda] bumvirijwe n’u Rwanda, ko nimero zabo ziri muri nyinshi zirenga 3000 rwinjiriye.
Havuzwe kandi abandi bantu bari mu mitwe y’iterabwoba irwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda nka RNC yashinzwe ndetse iyoborwa na Kayumba Nyamwasa n’indi.
Icyakora u Rwanda rwabiteye utwatsi, ruvuga ko abatangaje izo nkuru bagamije kuruharabika kuko nta shingiro bifite.
Mu kiganiro yigeze guha itangazamakuru, Perezida Kagame yagize ati “Abo banditse ibyo, twababwiye ko tudakoresha ririya koranabuhanga, abambaza ngo u Rwanda rwaba rwumviriza cyangwa runeka igisubizo baragifite, abantu cyangwa ibigo bafite ubushobozi bwo kumviriza iby’abandi bakumva ibyo bakeneye kumva hifashishijwe inzira nyinshi, icyo ni kimwe”.
Yongeraho ati “Ku bibaza rero niba dukoresha Pegasus tuneka abandi, igisubizo mbaha ni ‘OYA’ mu nyuguti nkuru, kandi si ubwa mbere tubibabwira. Twanababwiye ko hari abakoresha ririya koranabuhanga banabyiyemerera, ariko twe twababwiye ko nta Pegasus dufite nta n’ubwo tuyikoresha”.
Pegasus yarikoroje ni porogaramu ki?
Iyi porogaramu yakozwe n’Ikigo cyo muri Israel kiri mu gace ka Herzliya cyitwa NSO Group. Cyashinzwe mu 2010 gitanga serivisi zijyanye n’ubwirinzi n’ubutasi bwifashisha ikoranabuhanga.
Bivugwa ko ishobora kwifashishwa mu kuneka abantu bakoresha telefoni za iOS na Android.
Amakuru avuga iryo koranabuhanga iyo rihujwe na nimero y’umuntu runaka, rihita ryibasira telefoni ye binyuze kuri WhatsApp n’izindi mbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa se mu gisa na “missed calls”.
Rishobora guha urikoresha password za nyiri telefoni, rikamufasha gusoma ubutumwa bwe no kumva ibyo avugana n’abandi.
Ikindi ni uko rishobora kwifashisha GPS rikerekana aho nyiri telefoni ari. Bivugwa ko rishobora kubona amakuru yo kuri telefoni z’ubwoko ubundi bizwi ko bwizewe ku mutekano nka iPhone cyangwa zikareba n’ubutumwa bwo kuri application zizwiho kuba zizewe kurusha izindi nka Signal, zikagenzura amafoto, videwo na email yandikiranye n’abantu.
Ku muntu ufite telefoni ikoresha camera, iri koranabuhanga ngo rishobora gutuma yifungura ku buryo umuntu uri kurikoresha ashobora kubona amashusho y’aho nyirayo ari.
Pegasus igurishwa igihugu cyangwa imiryango itegamiye kuri leta kugira ngo ibashe kurwanya ibyaha by’ikoranabuhanga no gucunga umutekano wacyo.
Mu kuyikoresha hagurwa uburenganzira (license). Bivugwa ko igiciro kizwi n’umuguzi n’ugurisha, gusa ngo license imwe ishobora kugura miliyoni 100 Frw.
Ibimenyetso mpuruza ko winjiriwe na Pegasus ni ibihe?
Iyi porogaramu ya Pegasus ikora mu buryo bw’ibanga kandi buhambaye. Ntabwo iburira uwamaze kunekwa na yo. Biragoye kumenya neza ko umuntu yamaze kwinjirirwa n’iyi porogaramu.
Bimwe mu bimenyetso bishobora gutuma umuntu akeka ko yaba yinjiriwe , telefoni irangwa no gushyuha cyane ndetse no mu gihe yaba itari gukoreshwa, yakira za “Notifications” nyinshi mu gihe internet iriho, telefoni irizimya ikongera ikiyatsa nta mpamvu, ikanagaragaza ibimenyetso nk’iyahamagawe “Missed call”.
Umuryango Mpuzamahanga uharanira Uburenganzira bwa Muntu, Amnesty International, ugira inama abantu gukoresha porogaramu yitwa “Mobile Verification Toolkit” ifasha abantu gusiba (Scan) ” telefoni za Iphone na Android, zaba zinjiriwe n’iryo koranabuhanga.
Gusa Amnesty International ivuga ko bigoye kubona ubu buryo bufasha guhangana n’uku kwinjrirwa keretse usanzwe ufite ubumenyi kandi ukorana n’abahanga mu kurwanya ibyaha by’ikoranabuhanga cyangwa uhawe uburenganzira n’imiryango nka Citizen Lab na Amnesty Tech, ibasha kumenya iby’imikorere n’ibitero bya Pegasus.
