Raporo nshya y’Urwego rwigenga rukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano y’amahoro muri Afurika, Barometer of Peace Agreements in Africa (BAPA), igaragaza ko nyuma y’umwaka umwe hasinywe amasezerano y’amahoro hagati y’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo rimaze kugera ku kigero cya 35%.
Ku wa 27 Kamena 2025 ni bwo Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, Amb. Olivier Nduhungirehe na mugenzi we wa Congo, Thérèse Wagner Kayikwamba bashyize umukono ku masezerano yasinyiwe i Washington, agamije guhagarika amakimbirane amaze imyaka myinshi mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.
Nanone kandi ku wa 4 Ukuboza 2025 i Washington Perezida Kagame na Felix Tshisekedi barikumwe na Perezida wa Amerika Donald Trump, basinye andi masezerano yiswe Washington Accords agamije kurangiza intambara zimaze imyaka 30 mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Aya masezerano yose yari agamije kubaka icyizere hagati y’impande zombi no gushyiraho uburyo burambye bwo kwimakaza amahoro n’umutekano mu karere.
Ikinyamakuru The Africa Report cyatangaje ko raporo yakozwe na BAPA igaragaza ko hari intambwe yatewe mu gushyiraho inzego z’ubufatanye no gutangiza ibikorwa biteganywa n’amasezerano, ariko ishimangira ko byinshi muri byo bikiri mu rwego rwo gutangira kubishyira mu bikorwa, aho bitaragera ku musozo.
Mu nshingano 30 zigaragara muri ayo masezerano, hari izatangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa ariko hakaba n’izindi zitaratangira gukorwaho.
Iyi raporo igaragaza ko muri iyo mirimo 30, itatu yonyine ari yarangiye neza mu gihe 19 ikiri gukorwaho naho 8 muri yo ikaba itaratangira gukorwaho na gato.
BAPA ivuga ko nubwo hari iterambere rigaragara ugereranyije n’amezi ya mbere nyuma y’isinywa ry’amasezerano, umuvuduko ukiri hasi ugereranyije n’ibyari byitezwe.
Ku bijyanye n’uko buri gihugu gihagaze mu gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano zacyo, raporo ya BAPA igaragaza ko Congo imaze gushyira mu bikorwa 31,7% by’ibyo yiyemeje, mu gihe u Rwanda rugeze kuri 30,6%.
Ni mu gihe abahuza mpuzamahanga barimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Qatar n’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe bo bageze ku kigero cya 53,5%.
Raporo igaragaza ko impande zombi zagaragaje ubushake bwo gukomeza ibiganiro no kubahiriza ibyo ziyemeje, ariko ko hari ingingo zikomeye zisaba ubufatanye bwa hafi, zirimo ibibazo by’umutekano, kurandura imitwe yitwaje intwaro, kubaka icyizere hagati y’impande zombi no gushyiraho uburyo buhoraho bwo gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano.
BAPA ko igaragaza ko kuva ayo masezerano yasinywa, imirwano mu Burasirazuva bwa Congo yakomeje hagati ya AFC/M23 n’ingabo za Leta ya Congo (FARDC).
Umwanditsi Mukuru wa raporo ya BAPA, Dr. Roger-Claude Liwanga, avuga ko ibimaze gukorwa byibanze cyane ku nzego z’ubuyobozi no gushyiraho inzego z’ubufatanye, ariko ikibazo nyamukuru cy’umutekano kikaba kigikomeje.
Liwanga asobanura ko ikibazo gikomeye kiri mu masezerano ari uko atasobanuye neza uburyo hazagenzurwa uko umutwe wa FDLR ugomba gusenywa.
Ati: “Icyo ni ikibazo gikomeye. Nyuma y’amezi make, RDC ishobora kuvuga ko yamaze gusenya FDLR, u Rwanda na rwo rukavuga ko bitarakorwa kuko impande zombi zitigeze zemeranya ku bipimo bizakoreshwa.”
Ibihano Amerika yafatiye RDF kimwe mu byadindije aya masezerano
Ku wa 2 Werurwe ni bwo Minisiteri y’Imari ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yatangaje iibihano byafatiwe ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) n’abasirikare bakuru bane, izishinja gufasha umutwe wa M23 mu ntambara imaze igihe mu burasirazuba bwa RDC no kurenga ku masezerano ya Washington agamije amahoro.
Muri iyi raporoya BAPA Liwanga agaragaza ko ibintu byatangiye kugenda biguru ntege nyuma y’ibihano Amerika yafatiye bamwe mu bayobozi b’Ingabo z’u Rwanda n’abakekwaho kugira uruhare mu bucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ava muri Congo.
Ati: “Impande zari zizi ko nta bihano cyangwa izindi ngamba z’igitutu zari ziteganyijwe. Ariko kuva ibyo bihano byatangira gufatwa, ni bwo ibintu byatangiye kugenda biguru ntege.”
Nanone kandi ku wa 25 Kamena 2026, Amerika kandi binyuze mu Ishami rya Minisiteri yayo y’Imari rishinzwe kugenzura umutungo w’abafatirwa ibihano (OFAC), yafatiye ibihano uruganda rwa ‘Gasabo Gold Refinery Ltd’ rwo mu Rwanda ndetse n’abaruyobora
U Rwanda rwagaragaje ko ibi bihano birimo kubogama ndetse ruvuga ko gufatira RDF ibihano bitashyizwemo ubushishozi.
U Rwanda na RDC byumvikanye ku mishinga y’ingenzi yabihuza, irimo iy’ubufatanye mu gutunganya ingufu z’amashanyarazi, kubaka ibikorwaremezo byoroshya ubucuruzi, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro no kuyatunganya, kubungabunga pariki z’ibihugu n’ibikorwa by’ubukerarugendo no guteza imbere urwego rw’ubuzima.
