Ubushakashatsi ku buzima n’imibereho y’abaturage mu Rwanda (RDHS) bwa 2025 bugaragaza ko mu gihugu hakiri ikibazo cy’igwingira mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu ariko nanone hari abafite ibibazo by’umubyiho ukabije.
Bigaragara muri raporo yavuye mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) bwashyizwe hanze ku wa 30 Kamena 2026.
Raporo ya NISR igaragaza ko mu bana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu, 27% bagwingiye, aho muri bo harimo 6% bari munsi y’ibiro bagakwiye bafite ku myaka yabo, mu gihe 1% bahuye n’igwingira rikabije aho ari bagufi ugereranyije n’uko bakabaye bareshya naho 5% bafite ikibazo cy’umubyibuho ukabije.
Nubwo nimeze bityo ariko imibare igaragaza ko mu myaka 20 ishize u Rwanda rwateye intambwe ishimishije mu kurwanya ibibazo by’igwingira mu bana.
Imibare igaragaza ko mu 2005, abana bari bafite ibibazo bw’igwingira bari 51%, mu gihe mu 2025 bagabanutse bakagera kuri 27%.
Ikibazo cy’imirire mibi cyavuye kuri 8% mu 2000 kigera kuri 1% mu 2025, mu gihe umubare w’abana bafite umubyibuho ukabije wakomeje kuguma hagati ya 5% na 8% mu myaka isaga 20 ishize.
Umujyi wa Kigali ni wo ufite umubare muto w’abana bagwingiye, aho ari 14%, hagakurikiraho Intara y’Iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo bafite 26% mu gihe Intara y’Amajyaruguru n’iy’Iburengerazuba 33%.
Mu rwego rwo gukomeza gukurikirana ubuzima bw’abana, ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko mu bana bafite amezi kuva kuri 0 kugeza kuri 59, 68% bapimwe ibiro mu mezi atatu yabanjirije ubushakashatsi, 63% bapimwa uburebure, naho 61% bapimwa umuzenguruko w’ukuboko (MUAC) ugaragaza uko bahagaze mu mirire.
Muri rusange, 62% bapimwe ibiro n’uburebure, mu gihe 58% bapimwe ibipimo byose uko ari bitatu.
Ku bijyanye no konsa umwana akivuka 98% by’abana bavutse mu myaka ibiri yabanjirije ubushakashatsi baronkejwe naho 79% bahise konswa mu isaha ya mbere nyuma yo kuvuka. Mu gihe 94% bonkejwe amashereka yonyine mu minsi ibiri ya mbere nyuma yo kuvuka.
Nubwo nimeze bityo ariko raporo igaragaza ko umubare w’abana bonkejwe mu isaha ya mbere nyuma yo kuvuka wagabanutse uva kuri 85% wari ho mu 2019-2020 ugera kuri 79% mu 2025.
Ubushakashatsi kandi bwerekana ko 82% by’abana bafite amezi 0 kugeza kuri 5 bonkejwe amashereka yonyine, nk’uko Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO) ribisaba.
Gusa NISR igaragaza ko uko abana bagenda bakura, umubare w’abonswa amashereka yonyine ugenda ugabanuka. Raporo igaragaza ko abana bafite ukwezi kumwe cyangwa munsi yako abonswa amashereka gusa ari 91%, byagera ku bafite hagati y’amezi 4 na 5 bakagera kuri 71%.
Mu bandi bana basigaye 2% bahabwa amashereka n’amazi gusa, 2% bahabwa amashereka n’ibinyobwa bitari amata, 3% bahabwa amashereka n’amata y’ifu cyangwa ay’amatungo mu gihe 7% bahabwa amashereka n’ibindi biryo hakiri kare.
Raporo inagaragaza ko ikibazo cy’imirire gikigaragara mu bana batangiye gufafa imfashabere. Mu bana bafite kuva ku mezi 6 kugeza kuri 23, abagera kuri 44% gusa ni bo barya indyo yuzuye. Naho abagera kuri 48% gusa ni bo bagaburirwa inshuro zisabwa ku munsi, mu gihe 27% gusa ari bo bahabwa indyo yujuje ibisabwa byose.
Nanone kandi, 35% gusa by’aba bana ni bo bariye amagi cyangwa ibikomoka ku matungo birimo; inyama, amafi n’inkoko.
Ubushakashatsi bwanagaragaje ko hari abana benshi batangiye guhabwa ibiribwa batemerewe kurya aho mu bana bafite amezi 6 kugeza kuri 23, abagera kuri 34% banyoye ibinyobwa birimo isukari, 26% bariye ibiribwa bitari byiza ku buzima, naho 15% ntibariye imboga cyangwa imbuto nibura inshuro imwe ku munsi. Iyi myitwarire igaragara cyane mu mijyi kurusha mu cyaro.
Mu mezi 12 yabanjirije ubushakashatsi, 30% by’abana bahawe ibinini cyangwa umuti wa fer (Iron), 31% bahawe ifu irimo intungamubiri zitandukanye, naho 43% bahawe inyunganiramirire zirimo fer.
Mu mezi atandatu yabanjirije ubushakashatsi, 74% bahawe Vitamine A, mu gihe 80% by’abana bafite hagati y’amezi 12 na 59 bahawe imiti y’inzoka.
