U Rwanda rurakataje mu rugendo rwo kugera ku ntego yo gukuba gatatu ubukungu bwarwo mbere ya 2035, aho Guverinoma yashyizeho gahunda ya “3x Rwanda” igamije kuzamura ubukungu bukava ku rwego rwariho mu 2024 bukagera ku miliyari zirenga 40 z’amadolari ya Amerika bitarenze uwo mwaka.
Iyi ntego ishingiye ku izamuka ryihuse ry’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda mu myaka ishize, aho mu 2024 ubukungu bwazamutseho 8.9%, bikomeza gushyira igihugu mu bihugu byo muri Afurika bifite umuvuduko ukomeye w’iterambere ry’ubukungu.
Mu 2024, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwari hafi ya miliyari 15 z’amadolari, buvuye ku rwego rwa hafi ya miliyari 14 z’amadolari rwari rwifashishijwe mu gutangiza iyi gahunda. Mu 2025, ubukungu bwakomeje kwaguka bugera hafi kuri miliyari 16 z’amadolari.
Nubwo umwaka wa 2026 utararangira, ibimenyetso by’izamuka ry’ubukungu bikomeje kugaragara. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka gusa, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwari bumaze kugera ku gaciro ka hafi miliyari 4 z’amadolari, mu mezi atatu ya mbere y’umwaka.
Ibi bigaragaza ko u Rwanda rukomeje kugenda rwiyegereza intego yo kugira ubukungu burenga miliyari 40 z’amadolari mbere ya 2035, nubwo urugendo rugisaba umuvuduko ukomeye w’ishoramari, kongera umusaruro no guteza imbere inzego zitandukanye z’ubukungu.
Serivisi n’inganda bikomeje kuzamura ubukungu
Mu myaka isaga 20 ishize, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwagiye butezwa imbere cyane n’urwego rwa serivisi n’inganda, rufashijwe n’imicungire y’ubukungu, amavugurura mu nzego zitandukanye ndetse n’ingamba zo guteza imbere ishoramari n’ubucuruzi.
Izi ngamba zagiye zifasha igihugu gukomeza kugira ubukungu bufite icyerekezo, mu gihe Guverinoma ikomeje gushaka uburyo bwo kongera umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu no guteza imbere ishoramari ry’abikorera.
Gahunda ya 3x Rwanda yaje mu rwego rwo kwihutisha uru rugendo, ikibanda ku kongera ubushobozi bw’inzego zitandukanye zishobora gutanga umusaruro mwinshi no guhanga imirimo.
Hakenewe uruhare rw’Urubyiruko
Kimwe mu bizagena niba iyi ntego izagerwaho ni ubushobozi bw’igihugu bwo guha akazi urubyiruko rwinshi rukomeje kwinjira ku isoko ry’umurimo. Biteganyijwe ko abarenga 250,000 binjira ku isoko ry’umurimo buri mwaka.
Ibi bisobanuye ko gukuba gatatu ubukungu bidakwiye kugarukira gusa ku mibare y’umusaruro mbumbe, ahubwo bigomba kujyana no guhanga imirimo myinshi kandi itanga umusaruro, cyane cyane ku rubyiruko.
Kubyaza umusaruro iri tsinda ry’abaturage bisaba kongera ishoramari mu burezi bufite ireme, ubumenyi ngiro, ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere imishinga ibyara inyungu.
Imbogamizi u Rwanda rugomba guhangana nazo
Nubwo ubukungu bukomeje kuzamuka, u Rwanda ruracyafite imbogamizi zishobora gutinza intego ya 2035.
Imwe muri zo ni icyuho cy’ubucuruzi, aho igihugu kigikenera gutumiza hanze ibicuruzwa byinshi kurusha ibyo cyoherezayo. Ibyoherezwa hanze biracyari ku kigero gito kandi ahanini bikibanda ku bicuruzwa birimo ikawa, icyayi n’amabuye y’agaciro.
Kugabanya iki cyuho bizasaba kongera umusaruro w’ibikorerwa mu Rwanda, kongera agaciro k’ibicuruzwa mbere yo kubyohereza ku masoko mpuzamahanga no guteza imbere inganda zitunganya umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.
Hari kandi ikibazo cy’umwenda rusange, ugeze ku kigero kiri hafi ya 80% by’Umusaruro Mbumbe w’Igihugu (GDP). Ibi bishyira igihugu mu rugendo rusaba ubwitonzi mu gushaka igishoro cy’ibikorwa remezo, mu gihe hagomba gukomeza kubungabungwa umutekano w’ubukungu n’ubushobozi bwo kwishyura imyenda.
Ikoranabuhanga n’ingufu bishobora kwihutisha iterambere
U Rwanda kandi rurimo gushaka kubaka ubukungu bushya bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga, serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga n’ingufu zisubira, mu rwego rwo kugira uruhare mu mpinduka z’ubukungu ziri kuba ku Isi.
Ishoramari mu ikoranabuhanga ry’itumanaho (ICT) rishobora gufasha igihugu guteza imbere serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga, ubucuruzi bwo kuri murandasi, serivisi z’imari ndetse no guhanga imirimo mishya ishingiye ku bumenyi.
Ku rundi ruhande, kongera ingufu zisubira bishobora gufasha u Rwanda kugera ku iterambere rirambye, cyane cyane mu gihe isi ikomeje guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikigo Observer Research Foundation (ORF) bugaragaza ko u Rwanda rushobora kongera umusaruro w’ubukungu mu myaka iri imbere rwibanda ku nzego zishobora gutanga agaciro kanini.
Muri zo harimo gutunganya umusaruro w’ubuhinzi (agro-processing), inganda, serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga, ubukerarugendo, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ibikorwa remezo.
Guteza imbere izi nzego bishobora gufasha u Rwanda kuva ku bukungu bushingiye cyane ku gutumiza ibicuruzwa hanze, rukagera ku bukungu bukora ibicuruzwa byinshi, bikongerera igihugu amafaranga ava mu byoherezwa hanze kandi bigahanga imirimo.
Umutekano w’akarere na wo ufite uruhare
Ku ntego yo gukuba gatatu ubukungu, u Rwanda rugomba kandi gukomeza gukorera mu karere karangwa n’umutekano n’imibanire myiza mu by’ubucuruzi.
Umwuka mubi w’imibanire hagati y’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) umaze imyaka uhungabanya umutekano w’akarere, ushobora kugira ingaruka ku bucuruzi, ishoramari n’imigendekere y’abantu n’ibicuruzwa.
Nubwo mu 2025 habaye intambwe z’amasezerano agamije kuzana amahoro mu karere, ikibazo cy’umutekano kiracyari ingenzi mu bigomba gukemurwa kugira ngo ibikorwa by’ubukungu bikomeze gutera imbere nta nkomyi.
Intego ya 2035 irashoboka?
Kuva ku bukungu buri ku rwego rwa hafi miliyari 16 z’amadolari mu 2025, kugera ku miliyari zirenga 40 z’amadolari mbere ya 2035 ni intego isaba ko ubukungu bukomeza gukura ku muvuduko ukomeye mu myaka iri imbere.
Izamuka ry’ubukungu rimaze kugaragara, hamwe n’ishoramari mu nganda, ikoranabuhanga, ubukerarugendo, ibikorwa remezo n’ingufu, bitanga icyizere ko hari intambwe imaze guterwa.
Ariko kugira ngo 3x Rwanda igerweho, igihugu kizakenera kurushaho kongera umusaruro, guteza imbere ibikorerwa imbere mu gihugu, kongera ibyoherezwa hanze, guhanga imirimo ku rubyiruko no gukomeza gukurura ishoramari ry’abikorera.
Ku rugendo rumaze gutangizwa, imibare y’ubukungu irerekana ko u Rwanda rutangiye iyi nzira rufite umusingi ukomeye.
