Isi yose iri guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe n’inzara, ari na ko abahanga bashyira imbaraga mu guharura inzira nshya zafasha mu gushaka ibisubizo birambye kuri ibi bibazo.
Kuri ubu ikoranabuhanga rizwi nka “biotechnologie”, ryifashishwa mu guhindura uturemangingo tw’ibinyabuzima (GMO), rihanzwe amaso nk’igisubizo mu kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi no kwihaza ku biribwa.
Mu Rwanda, iri koranabuhanga riracyageragezwa ariko riri hafi kwinjizwa mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi bya buri munsi.
Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe Ivugurura ry’Ubuhinzi muri Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, Dr. Karangwa Patrick, yavuze ko Leta y’u Rwanda ishyira imbere gahunda zo gukoresha no kugenzura neza GMO mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubuhinzi.
Mu kiganiro na UMUNOTA, bamwe mu rubyiruko bari mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi bagaraza icyo bayiziho ndetse n’ibyo basaba ko byakorwa mu kunoza imikorere yayo.
Umuyobozi wa Sosiyete ikora imborera mu Burasirazuba, Mind Valley Rwanda, Kamashazi Chantal, yavuze ko abahinzi bake mu Rwanda ari bo bazi GMO, ndetse n’ababizi ntibabisobanukiwe neza.
Yagize ati “Yego, nzi GMO, bisobanura utunyabuzima twahinduriwe uturemangingo ariko mu Rwanda, ni abahinzi bake cyane babizi, ariko n’ababizi ntibabisobanukiwe uko bikwiye. Ntekereza ko ikoreshwa rya GMO rifite inyungu zikomeye mu kongera umusaruro no gufasha Igihugu kwihaza mu biribwa.”
Yongeraho ko hakenewe ubukangurambaga mu mashuri no mu itangazamakuru kugira ngo urubyiruko n’abaturage basobanukirwe ukuri kuri GMO.
Niyonizeye Isaac uyobora Mahwi Yacu Ltd, yavuze ko hari amakuru amwe ajyanye na GMO ariko abahinzi n’abaturage benshi batayasobanukiwe neza.
Ati “Hari amakuru namenye ku bijyanye na GMO, ariko ibisobanuro mfite ntabwo bihagije. Numva bavuga ko ari utunyabuzima twahinduriwe uturemangingo, ariko sinzi neza uko bikorwa. Ku rubyiruko, ntiturasobanukirwa neza.”
“Iyo gahunda izatangira gukoreshwa, Leta ikwiye gushyira imbaraga mu gusobanurira abaturage cyane cyane mu Majyaruguru kugira ngo twese dufatanye guteza imbere ubuhinzi.”
Dr. Patrick Karangwa yasobanuye ko abashakashatsi bahindura uturemangingo mu binyabuzima bagamije gukemura ibibazo bihari, cyane cyane iby’ubuzima n’umusaruro.
Ati “GMO ya mbere yabonetse mu mwaka wa 1986 muri Amerika, ifasha abarwayi ba diabète bafite ikibazo cyo kubura insuline [umusemburo ufasha mu kugenzura ingano y’isukari yo mu mubiri] kuko umubiri wabo udashobora gukora ihagije kugira ngo bahangane n’isukari.”
Yavuze ko GMO ikoreshwa mu buvuzi ndetse no mu biribwa bitunganyijwe ndetse benshi ntibazi ko bakoresha ibirimo ibinyabuzima byahinduriwe uturemangingo.
Ku bijyanye n’umutekano w’ibihingwa bya GMO, Dr. Karangwa, yavuze ko hakozwe ubushakashatsi bwimbitse mu bihugu bikomeye nka Amerika, bugaragaza ko kurya ibihingwa bya GMO nta ngaruka mbi bigira ku buzima bw’umuntu.
Ati “Ubushakashatsi bumaze imyaka irenga 30 bugaragaza ko nta ngaruka mbi ibihingwa bya GMO bigira ku mubiri w’umuntu, kandi abarya GMO ntibari bafite ubuzima bubi kurusha abatayirya.”
Imbuto za mbere za GMO mu buhinzi zari inyanya ndetse ibihuha bivuga ko iri koranabuhanga rifite umugambi mubisha uryihishe inyuma si ukuri.
Mu Rwanda hari itegeko rigenga ikoreshwa rya GMO ndetse ruri mu bihugu bike muri Afurika byamaze gushyiraho itegeko riyigenga.
Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe Ivugurura ry’Ubuhinzi muri Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, Dr. Patrick Karangwa, yavuze ko iri tegeko rivuga uko umuntu yakwemererwa ko itateza ikibazo.
Ati “Mu Rwanda dufite imyumbati ya GMO iri kugeragezwa mu Kigo cya RAB Rubona, ifite ubudahangarwa ku ndwara ya Kabore, indwara yamaze kwibasira abahinzi cyane. Iyi myumbati imaze imyaka 3 cyangwa 4 igeragezwa, ikagaragaza ko ihangana n’iyi ndwara.”
“Hari kandi ibirayi bya GMO biri kugeragezwa mu Karere ka Musanze bifite ubudahangarwa ku ndwara, ndetse ibigori biteganyijwe kuzageragezwa mu minsi iri imbere kubera ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira indwara.”
Ku mpungenge z’abavuga ko GMO ishobora kugabanya uburyohe bw’ibihingwa, Dr. Karangwa asobanura ko nta kibazo iteza ku buryohe bw’ibihingwa ahubwo ishobora kubuzamura bukarenga ubw’ibihingwa bisanzwe.
Impungenge ziboneka kuri GMO kuri ubu ahanini ntizishingiye ku muhinzi ahubwo ni iz’abantu badafite ubumenyi buhagije ku ikoranabuhanga ryazo n’amakuru y’ibihuha adafitiwe gihamya.
Dr Karangwa ati “Abahinzi bashaka umusaruro, kandi GMO ituma umusaruro wiyongera kandi igabanya imvune z’umuhinzi mu murima.”
Yavuze ko intambara z’ubukungu ku Isi zituruka ku kuba bamwe mu bacuruzi b’imbuto basanzwe batifuza ko GMO igera hose kuko ishobora kubakura ku isoko.
Ku bijyanye n’impungenge z’ibidukikije, Dr. Karangwa, yasobanuye ko GMO itazakuraho uburyo bwo kubika imbuto za gakondo.
GMO yitezweho gufasha u Rwanda mu kwihaza ku biribwa kuko mu bihugu byatangiye kuyikoresha mbere byagaragaye ko umusaruro wiyongera cyane.
Dr Karangwa yavuze ko u Rwanda rwizeye ko GMO izarufasha mu kwihaza mu biribwa ndetse ikanagirira inyungu ku muhinzi, kuko muri gahunda y’iguhugu y’iterambere NST2 harimo kuvugurura ubuhinzi.
Mu gihe u Rwanda rukomeje kugerageza no kwiga ku ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga nka GMO mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi no kwihaza ku biribwa, haracyakenewe ubukangurambaga no gusobanurira abaturage byinshi ku nyungu n’umutekano waryo. Ni intambwe yitezweho gufasha mu gutegura neza abahinzi n’abaturage kwakira neza iri koranabuhanga mu gihe rizaba ryatangiye gukwirakwizwa, hagamijwe guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe no kubaka ubuhinzi burambye mu Rwanda.
