Urwego Mpuzamahanga Rwasigariyeho Inkiko Mpanabyaha (IRMCT) rwatesheje agaciro ubusabe bwa Jean Kambanda na Jean de Dieu Kamuhanda bwo kurekurwa mbere y’igihe, mu byemezo byashyizwe ku mugaragaro ku wa 23 Nyakanga 2026.
Jean Kambanda yabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Rwanda guhera ku wa 8 Mata 1994, mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Yafashwe ku wa 17 Nyakanga 1997 i Nairobi muri Kenya, nyuma aza gushyikirizwa Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR).
Ku wa 1 Gicurasi 1998, Kambanda yemeye ibyaha bya Jenoside n’ibindi byaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, ndetse avuga ko yiteguye gukorana n’Ubushinjacyaha mu zindi manza zari ziri imbere ya ICTR. Ku wa 4 Nzeri 1998, yakatiwe gufungwa burundu, igihano cyaje kwemezwa n’Urugereko rw’Ubujurire mu Kwakira 2000.
Uru rubanza rwagize umwihariko mu mateka y’ubutabera mpuzamahanga kuko Kambanda yabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe wa mbere ku Isi wemeye icyaha cya Jenoside imbere y’urukiko mpuzamahanga.
Mu busabe bwe bwo kurekurwa mbere y’igihe, inyandiko yashyizwe muri dosiye igaragaza ko Kambanda yashimangiye ko amaze igihe kirekire afunzwe, ndetse avuga ko yakomeje gukorana n’Ubushinjacyaha nyuma yo kwemera ibyaha.
Kambanda w’imyaka 70 yagiye afungirwa mu bihugu bitandukanye birimo Tanzania, u Buholandi, Mali, ubu akaba afungiye muri Senegal.
Mu busabe bwe Kambanda yavuze ko akwiye kurekurwa hashingiwe ku mategeko ya Sénégal avuga ko umuntu wakatiwe igifungo cya burundu ashobora gusaba kurekurwa amaze imyaka 25 afunzwe, kandi ko we amaze imyaka 29 afunzwe bityo n’ubuzima bwe bukaba butameze neza kubera igihe kinini amaze afunze.
Ku wa 23 Nyakanga, Perezida wa IRMCT, Graciella Gatti Santana, yasubije Kambanda ko ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu arekurwe mbere y’igihe bigenwa n’amategeko y’uru rwego, atari amategeko y’igihugu afungiwemo.
IRMCT ivuga ko kugira umuntu wakatiwe n’uru rukiko afungurwe agomba kuba yararangije 75% by’igifungo yakatiwe.
Santana yasobanuye ko abantu bakatiwe burundu kugira ngo bafungurwe hakurikizwa ihame ryo kuba umuntu amaze imyaka 30 muri 45 itaganywa ku bakatiwe burundu bisobanuye ko umaze imyaka 30 afunzwe ari we wemererwa gutanga ubu busabe mu gihe Kambanda amaze hafi imyaka 29 afunzwe.
Ubwa Kamuhanda nabwo bwaranzwe
Jean de Dieu Kamuhanda na we ni umwe mu bahoze ari abayobozi bakuru ba Leta y’u Rwanda bashinjwe uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Yabaye Minisitiri w’Amashuri Makuru, Ubushakashatsi n’Umuco muri Guverinoma y’Inzibacyuho.
Urubanza rwe rwatangijwe imbere ya ICTR, aho yari akurikiranyweho ibyaha birimo Jenoside n’ibyibasiye inyokomuntu.
Ku wa 22 Mutarama 2004, Urugereko rw’Ibanze rwamuhamije ibyaha bya Jenoside n’itsembabwoko nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu, rumukatira gufungwa ubuzima bwe bwose. Yafatiwe mu Bufaransa mu Ugushyingo 1999.
Mu 2005, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje igihano cyo gufungwa burundu. Nubwo rwavanyeho imyanzuro imwe y’urukiko rw’ibanze yari ishingiye ku kuba Kamuhanda yarategetse, yarashishikarije cyangwa yarafashije mu byaha bimwe, rwemeje ko hari ibimenyetso bihagije bigaragaza ko yategetse ko Jenoside n’itsembabwoko bibaho, kandi ko ibyo byonyine byari bihagije kugira ngo igihano cyo gufungwa ubuzima bwe bwose gikomeze.
Mu busabwe bwe Kamuhanda yagaragaje ko amaze muri gereza imyaka 26 n’amezi atandatu, gusa yemera ko atarageza ku myaka 30 ngo bishingirweho mu kwemeza ko amaze gufungwa 75% by’igihe yakatiwe hashingiwe ku ihame rya IRMCT.
Nyuma yo kumva ubusabe bwe, Tariki ya 23 Nyakanga, nibwo umucamanza Santana yasubije ko Kamuhanda atarafungwa bibiri bya gatatu by’igifungo cye bityo atemerewe kurekurwa mbere y’igihe.
IRMCT ifite inshingano zo gukomeza imirimo yasizwe n’inkiko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga, harimo gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibihano no gusuzuma ubusabe bw’abakatiwe basaba imbabazi, kugabanyirizwa igihano cyangwa kurekurwa mbere y’igihe.
Ku rubuga rwa IRMCT, ibyemezo bya Kambanda na Kamuhanda byombi byashyizwe ku rutonde rw’ibyemezo byatanzwe ku wa 23 Nyakanga 2026, bigaragaza ko ubusabe bwabo bwo kurekurwa mbere y’igihe bwari ikibazo cyasuzumwe ku rwego rw’Urwego Mpuzamahanga Rwasigariyeho Inkiko Mpanabyaha.
Ibyemezo bishya bya IRMCT bivuze ko, kugeza ubu, bombi bakomeza gukorera ibihano byabo byo gufungwa burundu, nyuma y’uko ubusabe bwabo bwo kurekurwa mbere y’igihe butakiriwe.
Ibi byemezo kandi bibaye mu gihe IRMCT ikomeje kurangiza inshingano zasizwe na ICTR, urukiko rwashyizweho n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu 1994 kugira ngo rucire imanza abantu bashinjwa kugira uruhare mu byaha bya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi n’ibindi byaha byibasiye inyokomuntu.
