U Rwanda rwatangiye kubona ishusho y’imiterere y’uburezi bwarwo ku rwego mpuzamahanga nyuma yo kwitabira bwa mbere isuzuma mpuzamahanga ripima ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri mu gukoresha ubumenyi bafite mu masomo nk’imibare, siyansi, gusoma no mu gukemura ibibazo.
Ibyavuye muri PISA 2025, byatangajwe ku wa 8 Nzeri 2026 i Kigali, bigaragaza ko abanyeshuri bo mu Rwanda bazi ikoranabuhanga ariko hakiri intembwe ndende kugira ngo bagere ku rwego rw’ubumenyi rwifuzwa, cyane cyane mu mibare, siyansi, gusoma no kumva indimi cyane cyane Icyongereza.
Iri suzuma ryateguwe n’Umuryango w’Ubufatanye mu Bukungu (OECD), ryitabiriwe n’abanyeshuri barenga 760.000 bo mu bihugu 91 aho ryitabirwa n’abanyeshuri bafite imyaka 15 hatitawe ku mwaka y’igamo n’ibyo yiga.
Hari ku nshuro ya mbere u Rwanda rwari rwitabiriye iri rushanwa aho rwahagarariwe n’abanyeshuri 6622 bo mu bigo by’amashuri 213, birimo ibyigenga n’ibya Leta, ibyo mu mijyi ndetse n’ibyo mu cyaro.
Kimwe mu byagaragajwe n’iri suzuma ni uburyo abanyeshuri bo mu Rwanda bamara umwanya munini bakoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga mu myigire.
Raporo igaragaza ko abanyeshuri bo mu Rwanda bavuze ko bamara impuzandengo y’amasaha 3,2 ku munsi bakoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga mu bikorwa byo kwiga. Iki ni kimwe mu bipimo biri hejuru ugereranyije n’ibindi bihugu byitabiriye PISA.
PISA 2025 yasuzumye cyane cyane ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri mu mibare, siyansi no gusoma no kumva ibyo basomye mu Cyongereza.
Ku Rwanda, abanyeshuri bagize impuzandengo y’amanota 317 muri siyansi, 312 mu mibare na 301 mu gusoma no kumva Icyongereza.
Aya manota ari hasi ugereranyije n’impuzandengo y’ibihugu bigize OECD, kuko ayari yafatiweho ni 482 muri siyansi, 463 mu mibare na 461 mu gusoma.
Iri suzuma ntiryari rigamije kureba gusa niba abanyeshuri barafashe mu mutwe ibyo bigishijwe, ahubwo ryarebaga niba umunyeshuri w’imyaka 15 ashobora gukoresha ubumenyi afite mu gusobanukirwa no gukemura ibibazo ahura na byo mu buzima busanzwe.
Ni ukuvuga ko umunyeshuri atari asabwa gusa kumenya igisubizo cy’ikibazo runaka, ahubwo yasabwaga kugaragaza ubushobozi bwo gutekereza, gusesengura amakuru no gukoresha ubumenyi mu gushaka igisubizo.
Abenshi bari munsi y’ibipimo by’ibanze
Ikindi cyagaragaye ni uko umubare munini w’abanyeshuri b’u Rwanda utaragera ku rwego rw’ibanze rw’ubumenyi muri ayo masomo atatu yarebwagaho.
Raporo igaragaza ko 86,5% by’abanyeshuri b’u Rwanda basuzumwe bari munsi y’urwego rw’ibanze mu mibare, siyansi no gusoma.
Ikirenze kuri ibyo, nta munyeshuri w’u Rwanda wagaragaye mu cyiciro cyo hejuru cy’abitwaye neza muri iri suzuma.
Ibi bishyira imbere ikibazo cy’ireme ry’uburezi, kuko nubwo hari intambwe imaze guterwa mu kongera abana biga no kubaha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, hakiri ikibazo cyo kureba niba ibyo bikorwa bihinduka ubumenyi bufatika n’ubushobozi bwo gutekereza no gukemura ibibazo.
Abana bakomoka mu miryango ikennye bagaragaje kwihagararaho
Nubwo muri rusange amanota y’u Rwanda atari ku kigero gishimishije, amarushanwa ya PISA yagaragaje ko nta cyuho kikini cyagaragaye hagati y’abanyeshuri bakomoka mu miryango itishoboye n’abaturuka mu miryango ifite ubushobozi, ugereranyije n’uko bimeze mu bihugu byinshi.
Hari abanyeshuri OECD ishyira mu cyiciro cya “academically resilient students”, ni ukuvuga abana bahura n’imbogamizi z’imibereho cyangwa ubukungu ariko bagashobora gutsinda no kwitwara neza mu myigire.
Ku rwego rwa OECD, aba banyeshuri bari ku mpuzandengo ya 11,9%. U Rwanda rwo rwageze hafi ku nshuro ebyiri z’iyi mpuzandengo, ruba no mu bihugu bine gusa byagejeje nibura kuri 22%, hamwe na Cambodia, Kenya na Uzbekistan.
Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ko mu Rwanda hari abanyeshuri bashoboye gutsinda imbogamizi z’imibereho bakagera ku musaruro mwiza mu ishuri.
Abahungu batsinze ku kigero cyo hejuru kurusha abakobwa
Aya marushanwa yagaragaje ko mu Rwanda abanyeshuri b’abahungu barushije abakobwa amanota mu masomo yose uko ari atatu yasuzumwe.
Muri siyansi, abahungu bagize impuzandengo y’amanota 332, mu gihe abakobwa bagize 306. Mu mibare, abahungu bagize 325, abakobwa bagira 302.
No mu gusoma no kumva Icyongereza, aho mu bihugu byinshi abakobwa bakunze kugira amanota ari hejuru y’ay’abahungu, mu Rwanda ho si ko bimeze kuko abahungu bagize 304, abakobwa bagira 298.
Raporo ya OECD igaragaza ko u Rwanda na Kenya biri mu bihugu byagaragayemo bimwe mu byuho binini muri siyansi bigaragara ko abahungu ari bo bari hejuru.
Icyongereza kiracyari isubyo mu Rwanda
Mu masomo yasuzumwe, gusoma no kumva Icyongereza ni ho abanyeshuri b’u Rwanda bagize amanota make kurusha mu mibare na siyansi.
Ibi bishimangira ikibazo cy’imikoreshereze y’Icyongereza mu myigishirize, cyane cyane ko ari rumwe mu ndimi z’ingenzi zikoreshwa mu burezi mu Rwanda.
Hari n’ikinyuranyo cyagaragaye hagati y’abahungu n’abakobwa muri cyongereza aho abakobwa bari ku kigero cya 3,9%, mu gihe abahungu bari kuri 0,4% mu cyiciro cyagaragajwemo abo bafite urwego rwo hejuru muri iri somo.
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’iki kibazo Minisiteri y’Uburezi yavuze ko hari gahunda yo guhugura abarimu mu Cyongereza, mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwigisha no gufasha abanyeshuri kurushaho kumenya uru rurimi.
Mu muhango wo kumurika ibyavuye muri PISA 2025 wabereye i Kigali ku wa 8 Nzeri 2026, Minisitiri w’Uburezi, Joseph Nsengimana, yavuze ko u Rwanda rutanyuzwe n’ibyavuye muri iri suzuma, ariko ko rwiteguye kubibyazamo amasomo.
Yagize ati “Iyo turebye uko u Rwanda rwitwaye ntabwo turi aho twifuza. Ibyavuye muri iri suzuma ni byo tugiye kwigaho kugira ngo tubyumve neza. Tugomba kureba uko abana basubije ndetse n’uko amashuri yaduhagarariye yitwaye ku buryo tugomba kumenya icyo tugomba gukora.”
Minisitiri Nsengimana yavuze kandi ko icyatumye u Rwanda rwitabira PISA ari ukugira ngo ibyemezo bifatwa mu rwego rw’uburezi birusheho gushingira ku makuru n’ibimenyetso byizewe, aho gushingira gusa ku bitekerezo cyangwa ku bipimo by’imbere mu gihugu.
