Umubare w’abatari bake mu Isi wugarijwe n’uburwayi bw’agahinda gakabije benshi bita (Depression). Aka si agahinda gasanzwe umuntu agira kagahita gashira ahubwo ushobora kubana nako ibihe byose ku buryo bamwe bageraho bakumva ko ubuzima ntacyo bumaze no kubaho kwabo birutwa no gupfa.
Kugira agahinda gakabije bifitanye isano n’imiterera ya muntu n’uburyo yakira ibimubayeho bigoye mu buryo bw’amarangamutima.
Si igitangaza ko hari umuntu ushobora kwirukanwa mu kazi cyangwa gutandukana n’umukunzi we kubyakira bikamugora akaba ashobora kubirwara igihe kirekire hakaba n’undi uhita ubyakira ati “ Umuntu abura se ntabura sebuja, ntaho ritarema nzashakira ahandi. Undi ati “Abeza bavuka buri munsi nzabona undi” agakomeza ubuzima bisanzwe.
Agahinda gakabije ntigatoranya imyaka, igitsina cyangwa se igihugu. Umuntu uwari we wese bitewe n’uko ashobora kwakira ibimubayeho yagira agahinda gakabije, icyakora abagore ni bo bahura n’iki kibazo bitewe n’impamvu zirimo gukora imirimo idahabwa agaciro, guhohoterwa n’izindi.
Abagabo bayirwaye bo baraceceka bakayihererana bitewe n’imiterere yabo yo kwihagararaho bishobora kubatera ingaruka zirimo no gutakaza ubushake bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Ubushakashatsi bwa OMS bwo muri 2023 bwagaragaje ko 3.8% by’abaturage ku isi bagize ikibazo cy’agahinda gakabije, harimo 5% bafite imyaka y’ubukure “4% ku bagabo na 6% ku bagore “, ndetse na 5.7% by’abantu bafite imyaka 60 n’irenga.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwagaragazaga ko iyi ndwara yari yiganje cyane ku bagore kurusha abagabo ku gipimo cya 50% ku isi.
Muri rusange, abari hejuru ya 10% ry’abagore batwite cyangwa ababaga babyaye vuba babaga barahuye n’iki kibazo.
Ese agahinda gakabije ni iki?
Agahinda gakabije ni indwara yo mu mutwe ituma imitekerereze ya muntu ihinduka ikarangwa n’umubabaro umara igihe kirekire. Ibi bishobora guterwa n’imihindagurikire y’imibereho umuntu ashobora guhura nayo nko gupfusha, gutandukana n’umukunzi, ibibazo byo mu miryango n’ibindi bikora ku ndiba y’amarangamutima ya muntu.
Iyi ndwara benshi mu bayirwaye ntibabyemera ndetse hari n’abagerageza kurenzaho bakiyumanganya ku buryo ubarebye wabona ntakibazo bafite nyamara imbere mu mutima no mu bwonko bashinjagira bashira.
Imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS) yakozwe mu 2021, bwerekanye ko abantu bari hagati ya 4% na 5% ni ukuvuga abantu miliyoni 280 bafite uburwayi bw’agahinda gakabije aho umubare mwinshi ari uw’abatuye mu bihugu bikennye n’ibiri munzira y’amajyambere . Ibi ni bimwe mu biranga umuntu ufite agahinda gakabije
Kwiyumva nabi no kwiheba
Abantu bafite agahinda gakabije akenshi bahura n’ikibazo cyo kwiyumva nabi no kwiheba. Bashobora kugira ibitekerezo byo gutakaza ibyishimo cyangwa kwiyumva ko nta kintu na kimwe cyiza kiri imbere.
OMS igaragaza ko umuntu ufite agahinda gakabije umuntu ufite arangwa no guhora avuga ko kubaho ntacyo bimaze birutwa no gupfa.
Kumva nta kintu kikigushishikaza ukazinukwa
Agahinda gakabije gashobora kuguhuza ibyo wakundaga biguha ibyishimo nko gukora siporo, gusohokana n’inshuti zawe no gusabana wagiraga kukagabanuka.
Umuntu ufite agahinda gakabije arangwa no kutiyitaho nk’uko bisanzwe aho nko ku mukobwa usanga uburyo yiyitagaho bihinduka, akaba yasohoka atisize amavuta nkuko yabikoraga, imyambarire n’uko agaragara mu bandi ugasanga ntacyo bikimubwiye.
Ku muntu ufite akazi atangira gukererwa, ndetse yaba yagiraga ibakwe rikagabanuka agatangira no kujya asiba akazi nta mpamvu. Ikindi kandi ni uko ubushake bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina ku bashakanye bugabanuka kuburyo bishobora kuviramo umuntu kuba ikiremba.
Umujinya udasanzwe ku bagabo
Agahinda gakabije kibasira abagabo n’abagore ariko ku buryo butandukanye. Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko abagabo bafite agahinda gakabije bakunze kugira umujinya udasanzwe, imyitwarire iteye inkeke, kunywa ibiyobyabwenge no kugira uburakari batabasha kugenzura.
Kugira amarangamutima utabasha kugenzura
Iyo umuntu afite agahinda gakabije, ntaba akibasha kugenzura amarangamutima ye. Mu kanya gato ushobora kumubona afite umujinya mwinshi, ubundi ukamubona arimo kurira nyamara nta ruhare yabigizemo.
Amarangamutima y’umuntu wahuye n’ikibazo cyo kugira agahinda gakabije ahora ahindagurika, uko umubonye mu minota mike ishize siko uza ku mubona mu masaha ari imbere.
Kwifuza urupfu
Kumva urupfu ruruta kubaho ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by’agahinda gakabije, ibi bikajyana no gushaka kwiyahura.
Umuntu ajya kwiyahura ageze ku cyiciro cya kane nyuma y’ibindi bitatu aba yanyuzemo abantu ntibabibone cyangwa ntibabyiteho.
Imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS) igaragaza ko abantu basaga ibihumbi 800 biyahura buri mwaka ku Isi.
OMS igaragaza ko 60% y’abagerageza kwiyahura baba bafite agahinda gakabije, naho 90% baba bafite imwe mu ndwara zo mu mutwe.
