Minisitiri w’Ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo, Paula Ingabire, yavuze ko urwego rw’Ikoranabuhanga n’Itumanaho (ICT) ruri mu mpamvu zikomeye zituma u Rwanda rukomeje gutekereza kubaka uruganda rutanga ingufu za nikeleyeri.
Yabigarutseho mu kiganiro cyibanze ku hazaza h’ingufu za nikeleyeri muri Afurika, mu nama yiga ku ikoreshwa ry’izi ngufu ya NEISA 2026, iri kubera i Kigali.
Minisitiri Ingabire yasobanuye ko iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, cyane cyane irijyanye n’Ubwenge Buhangano (AI) n’ibigo bibika amakuru byinshi byo kuri murandasi bizwi nka ‘data centers’, bikenera ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi ahoraho kandi yizewe.
Avuga ko kimwe mu bibazo Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara ihura na byo mu gushaka ishoramari mu rwego rwa nikeleyeri, ari uko ibihugu byinshi bitagira isoko rihamye rikoresha amashanyarazi ku buryo bwizewe.
Yasobanuye ko urwego rw’Ikoranabuhanga n’Itumanaho ruzazanamo impinduka, kuko rurimo ibikorwa bikenera amashanyarazi byinshi kandi biyakenera mu buryo buhoraho.
Ati “Ibigo by’amakuru ‘Data centers’ zikenera amashanyarazi ahoraho ku kigero cya 99.999%. Bisaba ingufu zizewe kandi zidahagarara, ari na byo bituma urwego rwa ICT rushobora kuba umusingi ukomeye w’ishoramari mu ngufu za nikeleyeri.”
Yagaragaje ko ku rwego rw’Isi, ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi n’ibigo bibika amakuru rigeze kuri terawatt 415 ku mwaka, kandi rikomeje kuzamuka cyane kubera ubwiyongere bw’ikoranabuhanga rya AI.
Ingabire Paula yasobanuye ko ubushakashatsi bworoshye bukorewe kuri Google bukoresha ingufu nke, ariko ibibazo bibazwa AI nka ChatGPT bikoresha amashanyarazi yikubye inshuro nyinshi, ibintu byerekana uburyo Isi igenda ikenera ingufu zizewe kandi nyinshi.
Yasobanuye ko u Rwanda rufite gahunda yo kubaka ikigo kinini cyane kibika kandi kigatunganya amakuru y’ikoranabuhanga kizakoresha amashanyarazi angana na megawatt 100, uwo mushinga ushobora gutwara miliyari 5 z’amadolari.
Yavuze ko n’iyo igihugu cyatangira ku kigo cy’amakuru ‘data center’ ntoya itwara megawatt eshanu gusa, yakenera amashanyarazi menshi ku mwaka yishyurwa amafaranga arenga miliyoni 30$.
Ati “Ibigo bikomeye by’ikoranabuhanga nka Amazon na Google byose bishaka gukoresha ingufu zisukuye. Iyo ufite uruganda rwa nikeleyeri rushobora kubaha amashanyarazi yizewe kandi atangiza ibidukikije, ibi byatanga icyizere ku bashoramari.”
Paula yavuze ko u Rwanda rutareba gusa kubaka ibikorwa remezo by’ingufu, ahubwo runashora imari mu gukoresha AI mu nzego zirimo ubuhinzi, ubuvuzi, uburezi na serivisi z’imari, hagamijwe kurema isoko rizakenera ayo mashanyarazi menshi mu myaka iri imbere.
U Rwanda rufite gahunda yo kuba rwamaze kubaka uruganda ruto rutunganya ingufu za nikeleyeri (Small Modular Reactor) mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2030, mu gihe gahunda ndende iteganya ko igihugu kizaba gifite ubushobozi bwo kubona gigawatt 1.5 z’ingufu za nikeleyeri mu mwaka wa 2050.
Imibare ya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda igaragaza ko igihugu gishobora kuzaba gikenera amashanyarazi ari hagati ya gigawatt 2.5 na 4.5 mu mwaka wa 2050.
