Ku Isi abantu benshi baba bashaka gutura mu mijyi bitewe n’uko ari ho haba higanje amahirwe menshi yo kubona imikorere ibasha kubaho mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi cyane ko ubukungu bw’ibihugu hafi ya byose byo ku Isi buba bushingiye ku mijyi.
Isi ituwe n’abasaga miliyari 8,3. Muri zo abasaga miliyari 4,7 ni ukuvuga 58% by’abayituye baba mu mijyi, ndetse biteganyijwe ko mu 2050 bazagera kuri 68%. Mu gihe mu Rwanda bazaba bageze kuri 70%.
Nubwo abantu batuye mu mujyi boroherwa no kubona imibereho kurusha abatuye mu byaro ariko nanone ni nako ubuzima bwabo buba buri mu kangaratete kurusha abatuye mu byaro.
Bimwe mu bibazo abatuye mu mijyi bahura nabyo birimo guhumeka umwuka wanduye uva mu modoka, inganda cyangwa mu bindi bikorwa. Gusa ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bugaragaza ko n’urusaku rwinshi ari kimwe mu bibazo bamwe batitaho ariko gitera ibibazo ku buzima.
Urusaku kandi rwongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo guturika cyangwa gufungana k’udutsi dukwirakwiza amaraso mu bwonko izwi nka ‘Stroke’. Ibi biterwa n’uko igice cy’ubwonko kigenzura ubwoba na siteresi gikorera ku muvuduko ukabije bikaba bishobora gutuma imitsi ihita iturika.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na National Institutes of Health (NIH) bugaragaza ko gutura mu mijyi yiganjemo ubucucike byongera ibyago byo kurwara stroke ku kigero kiri hagati ya 20% na 70% ugereranyije n’abatuye mu bice by’icyaro.
Bwerekanye ko abantu batuye mu mijyi ifite urwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucucike n’iterambere bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara stroke bikubye hafi inshuro 2.3 kugeza kuri 3.3 ku batuye mu cyaro. Mu mijyi minini igipimo cy’abafite ibyago byo kurwara stroke kigera kuri 2.49%, mu gihe mu cyaro kigabanuka cyane kikagera munsi ya 1%.
NIH kandi igaragaza ko abantu batuye hafi y’imihanda minini byibura munsi y’intera ya metero 100 ibyago bya stroke byiyongeraho 42% ugereranyije n’abatuye kure y’iyo mihanda ho byibura metero 400.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na European Heart Journal mu 2025 bugahuriza hamwe ubushakashatsi 12 bwagaragaje ko urusaku ruhoraho rushobora gutuma umubiri ukomeza kuba mu buryo bwo kwirwanaho no guhangana n’ibyago byibasira umubiri, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’umutima, ubwonko n’imiyoboro y’amaraso.
Ibyo bishobora kongera imisemburo nka adrenaline na cortisol, bigatuma umutima utera cyane, imiyoboro y’amaraso ikifunga kandi umuvuduko w’amaraso ukazamuka.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko iyo urusaku rwiyongeye byibura decibeli 14.9 byongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye by’umutima n’imiyoboro y’amaraso ku kigero cya 7.5% ndetse n’izamuka rya 8.1% ry’ibyago byo gupfa ku mpamvu zitandukanye.
Stroke ibarwa nk’indwara ya kabiri mu ndwara zihitana abantu benshi ku Isi, aho imibare y’Ishami rya Loni ryita ku Buzima, OMS igaragaza ko yica abantu miliyoni esheshatu n’ibihumbi 600 ku mwaka ndetse raporo nshya ikagaragaza ko mu 2050 iyo mibare izaba yarageze kuri miliyoni icyenda n’ibihumbi 700.
Mu Rwanda ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko mu barwayi 100 bashyirwa mu bitaro, babiri biba bitewe n’uburwayi bwa stroke aho abagabo ari bo benshi bagaragaje ubwo burwayi ku kigero cya 55%.
Ubushakashatsi bw’Ikigo cyita ku bidukikije i Burayi (EEA) bwerekana ko urusaku rwo mu muhanda rwongera ibyago byo kugira agahinda gakabije ku kigero cya 3% no guhangayika ku kigero cya 2%.
