Imyaka 25 irashize Leta y’u Rwanda ishyizeho gahunda y’Ubwisungane mu Kwivuza (Mituweli cyangwa Mutuelle de Santé) nk’umusingi wo kugeza serivisi z’ubuvuzi zihendutse ku baturage bose mu gihugu.
Iyi gahunda yatangijwe mu buryo bw’igerageza mu mwaka w’1999, icyo gihe hari mu turere twa Byumba, Kabutare na Kanzenze. Nyuma yo kubona ko itanze umusaruro, yaje kugezwa mu gihugu hose mu mwaka wa 2004-2005.
Intego nyamukuru yo gutangiza Mituweli yari ukorohereza abaturage kubona ubuvuzi, hagamijwe ko umuturage wese, cyane cyane utishoboye abasha kwivuza adategereje kugurisha imitungo ye ngo abone amafaranga y’ibitaro.
Mitiweli itangizwa hishyurwaga amarafanga ari hagati ya 2,500 Frw na 11,500 Frw bitewe n’Akarere, gusa aya mafaranga yishyurwaga n’umuryango wose aho kuba umuntu ku giti cye.
Nyuma yaho kugeza mu 2010, habayeho guhuza imisanzu aho umuntu umwe yishyuraga 1,000 Frw, hagamijwe ko buri muturage n’ufite amikoro make abasha kwiyishyurira bitamugoye.
Bitewe nuko aya mafaranga yari make ugereranyije n’ikiguzi cy’imiti n’ubuvuzi, mu 2011, Leta yazamuye imisanzu hashingiwe ku bushobozi, aho icyiciro cyabatishoboye cyishyuraga 2,000 Frw ariko yishyurwa na Leta, abari mu cyiciro cya 2 na 3 bakishyura 3,000 Frw naho abari m cyiciro cya kane bakishyura 7,000 Frw.
Leta y’u Rwanda yakomeje gushaka uburyo bwo kongera amafaranga mu cyigega cya Mitiweli, aho guhera mu 2020, abakozi ba Leta n’abikorera batangiye gukatwa 0.5% ku mushahari agamije kunganira Mitiweli, ndetse n’ikiguzi umuturage yishyura kwa muganga kivanwa ku mafaranga 200 Frw kigera ku mafaranga 600 Frw.
Muri uru rugendo rw’imyaka 25, Mituweli yibanze cyane ku buvuzi bw’ibanze burimo kuvura indwara zisanzwe, serivisi z’ababyeyi batwite, inkingo z’abana n’ibindi. Uko igihugu cyagiye gitera imbere, niko na serivisi zatangwaga na Mituweli zagiye zongerwa.
Mu mpera za 2023, Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yongeye serivisi z’ubuvuzi 14 muri Mitiweli, hagamijwe gufasha abaturage kubona ubuvuzi bw’indwara zikomeye zirimo Kanseri, indwara z’impyiko zisaba koza amaraso (dialyse), indwara z’umutima zisaba kubagwa, indwara z’ubwonko n’amagufa zisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye n’izindi.
Icyakora, uko serivisi zigenda zaguka ni ko n’ibikenerwa byiyongera. Kuvura indwara zikomeye bisaba amafaranga menshi, ibikoresho bihenze n’abaganga bafite ubumenyi bwihariye. Ibi byose Leta y’u Rwanda yarebye igasanga hakenewe uruhare rw’umuturage mu kongerera ubushobozi Mitiweli binyuze mu kuzamura imisanzu no mu gushaka inkunga.
Imisanzu ya Mitiweli yongerewe
Nyuma y’ubugenzuzi bwakoze na Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu mu bice byose by’Igihugu, hasanzwe ubushobozi bw’imiryango bwarazamutse muri iyi myaka 25.
Ni muri urwo rwego Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubwiteganyirize, RSSB, cyatekereje kongera umusanzu wa Mitiweli utangwa n’umuturage, hagamijwe kuziba icyuho cy’ubushobozi buke, aho nko mu 2025, uruhare rw’umuturage mu mafaranga yishyurwa na Mitiweli rwari 33% yonyine.
Amavugurura yakozwe na RSSB hashingiwe ku makuru atangwa na sisiteme Imibereho, asohoka mu Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Intebe rishyiraho ingano n’uburyo bwo gutanga umusanzu w’Ubwisungane mu Kwivuza ryo ku wa 16 Gashyantare 2026, yerekana ko ubwisungane mu kwivuza bwavuguruwe mu buryo bukurikira;
Abanyamuryango batishoboye ndetse badashoboye gukora bangana na 6.89% bazajya batangirwa na Leta 4,000 Frw kuri buri muntu ku mwaka.
Abanyamuryango batishoboye ariko bashoboye gukora, ubwo ni abinjiza amafaranga ari hasi y’ibihumbi 30 Frw, bangana na 23.20% by’abatanga umusanzu w’Ubwisungane mu Kwivuza bose, bazajya batangirwa na Leta 3,000 Frw, bo bitangire 1,000 Frw kuri buri muntu ku mwaka.
Abanyamuryango bifashije, binjiza amafaranga ari hagati y’ibihumbi 30Frw- 60Frw bangana na 35.03% y’abatanga umusanzu w’Ubwisungane mu Kwivuza, bazajya batanga 5,000 Frw, muri iki gice niho Abanyarwanda benshi babarizwa.
Abanyamuryango bafite amikoro, binjiza amafaranga ari hagati y’ibihumbi 60 Frw – 120 Frw bazajya batanga umusanzu w’ibihumbi 8,000 Frw kuri buri muntu ku mwaka.
Ni mu gihe abanyamuryango bafite amikoro ari hejuru, abinjiza hejuru y’ibihumbi 120 Frw bangana na 8,01% yabatanga ubwisungane mu kwivuza bazajya batanga umusanzu w’ibihumbi 20,000 Frw kuri buri muntu, ku mwaka.
Ni ukuvuga ko umusanzu w’ubwisungane mu kwivuza ku bantu bari mu rwego rwa mbere rw’imibereho wageze ku bihumbi 4.000 Frw, na ho amafaranga menshi azatangwa akaba ibihumbi 20 Frw y’abari ku rwego rwa gatanu.
Ikindi nuko mu bigo byatangaga inkunga mu bwisungane mu kwivuza hiyongereyemo ibigo bitanga serivisi za banki n’ibigo bitanga serivisi z’ubwishingizi rusange, hagamijwe kugirango abaturage bagerweho n’ubuvuzi bwiza kandi buhendutse.
