Mu myaka ishize, abantu benshi batekerezaga ko ubwigunge ari ikibazo cy’amarangamutima gusa. Ariko ubu ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi burerekana ko kubaho utagira abantu uhora usabana na bo bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima, ku rwego bamwe mu bahanga bavuga ko zigereranywa n’ingaruka zo kunywa itabi cyangwa kugira umubyibuho ukabije.
Mu Ugushyingo 2023, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO) ryatangaje ko ubwigunge (loneliness) no kutagira imikoranire n’abandi (social isolation) biri mu bibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima rusange bikwiye kwitabwaho ku rwego rw’Isi.
Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekana ko ubwigunge bugira ingaruka ku mubiri no ku buzima bwo mu mutwe.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikinyamakuru Heart mu 2022, bwakorewe ku bantu barenga ibihumbi 460 mu Bwongereza, bwerekanye ko abantu bafite ubwigunge bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z’umutima no gupfa imburagihe kurusha abasabana n’abandi.
Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe na Brigham Young University yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, buyobowe na Prof. Julianne Holt-Lunstad, bwasesenguye ubushakashatsi burenga 140 bwakorewe ku bantu barenga miliyoni eshatu, Bwerekanye ko kubaho mu bwigunge cyangwa kutagira imikoranire n’abandi byongera ibyago byo gupfa imburagihe ku kigero kiri hagati ya 26% na 32%.
Prof. Holt-Lunstad yavuze ko umubano mwiza hagati y’abantu ukwiye gufatwa nk’indi nkingi y’ubuzima kimwe no kurya neza, gukora imyitozo no kwirinda kunywa itabi.
Abahanga basobanura ko hari itandukaniro hagati yo kuba umuntu aba wenyine no kugira ubwigunge.
Umuntu ashobora kuba aba wenyine ariko akumva anyuzwe kandi afite amahoro mu gihe undi ashobora kuba ari hagati y’imbaga y’abantu ariko akumva nta muntu umwumva cyangwa umwitayeho. Iyo ni yo miterere y’ubwigunge, kandi ni yo ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima.
Raporo ya WHO igaragaza ko hafi umuntu umwe muri batandatu ku Isi aba afite ikibazo cy’ubwigunge. Iki kibazo kiboneka mu rubyiruko, mu bakuze ndetse no mu bageze mu zabukuru, nubwo impamvu zitandukanye.
Abasaza n’abakecuru bashobora kubiterwa no kubura abo babanaga cyangwa kuba abana babo baba batuye kure. Ku rubyiruko ho bishobora guterwa n’ikoreshwa rikabije ry’imbuga nkoranyambaga, kwimukira ahandi cyangwa kubura umwanya wo gusabana n’abandi.
Iyo umuntu amaranye igihe kirekire ubwigunge, umubiri ukomeza gukora imisemburo yongerera umuntu siteresi nka cortisol.
Iyo misemburo ikomeza kuba myinshi igihe kirekire ishobora kuzamura umuvuduko w’amaraso, guhungabanya ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, kongera ibyago byo kurwara diyabete, indwara z’umutima ndetse n’indwara y’agahunda gakabije.
Abahanga bavuga kandi ko abantu bafite ubwigunge bakunda kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri, kutarya indyo yuzuye cyangwa kutajya kwa muganga igihe babikeneye, ibintu na byo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara.
WHO ivuga ko ikigira akamaro atari umubare w’abantu umuntu aziranye nabo, ahubwo ko ari ireme ry’umubano afitanye na bo, aho yumva yumviswe, yubashywe kandi ashyigikiwe.
Abahanga batanga inama zo kwirinda ubwigunge zirimo gushaka umwanya wo gusura abantu haba inshuti cyangwa abo mu muryango, kwitabira ibikorwa bihuza abantu benshi, kugira itsinda umuntu abarizwamo, gukora siporo hamwe n’abandi no kugabanya igihe kinini umuntu amara ari wenyine ku ikoranabuhanga.
WHO yanashyizeho Komisiyo Mpuzamahanga ishinzwe guhangana n’iki kibazo, igizwe n’impuguke n’abayobozi baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye, kugira ngo ishakishe ibisubizo byafasha kugabanya ingaruka zacyo.
